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Science 2 Term 1 > _Animal Diversity > Flashcards

_Animal Diversity Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

What are animals part of?

A

the animal kingdom

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2
Q

What are animals?

A

Heterotrophs (rely on other sources for food)

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3
Q

What do animals have that respond to stimuli?

A

Sense organs

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4
Q

What are vertebrates?

A

Organisms with a spine and brain

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5
Q

Name all 5 vertebrates

A

Fish, Amphibians, Reptiles, Birds, Mammals

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6
Q

What is the origin of all vertebrate species?

A

Fish

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7
Q

What do fish have, and where do they live?

A

Scales, in water

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8
Q

What type of respiration do fishes do?

A

Branchial respiration

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9
Q

What is branchial respiration?

A

breathing across the gills

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10
Q

What does a fish’s heart contain?

A

1 atrium and 1 ventricle

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11
Q

What does the atrium and ventricle do?

A

Pumps up un-oxygenated blood to the gills

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12
Q

Is the fish’s heart efficient?

A

no

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13
Q

What eggs do fish lay, and where?

A

They lay soft eggs in the water

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14
Q

Where do adult amphibians live?

A

on land and water

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15
Q

Where do young amphibians live?

A

Water

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16
Q

What respiration does young amphibians do?

A

branchial respiration

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17
Q

From where do amphibians receive some oxygen supply?

A

Through wet skin and lungs (cutaneous breathing)

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18
Q

What was the first vertebrate to live on land?

A

Amphibians

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19
Q

What do amphibians go through?

A

Metamorphosis

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20
Q

What is metamorphosis?

A

(a change in body structure)

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21
Q

How many atriums and ventricles do amphibians have?

A

2 atriums, 1 ventricle

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22
Q

What do reptiles have?

A

Scales

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23
Q

Where do reptiles breathe from?

A

Lungs

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24
Q

Where can young reptiles be laid?

A

On land

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25
Q

Why can young reptiles be laid on land?

A

Due to the egg’s hard, thick shells

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26
Q

What blood are reptiles?

A

Cold-blooded

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27
Q

How do reptiles control temperature?

A

By taking in heat from the outside or being very active

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28
Q

What did reptiles evolve from?

A

Amphibians

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29
Q

How many atriums and ventricles do reptiles have?

A

2 atriums, 1 ventricle

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30
Q

What do the 2 atriums do?

A

They separate oxygenated and deoxygenated blood coming from the body and lungs

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31
Q

What does the ventricle do?

A

It sends a mix of oxygenated and deoxygenated blood to the lungs

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32
Q

How do alligators and turtles live?

A

They live in water, but must breathe air and lay their eggs on land

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33
Q

What are birds?

A

Covered with feathers, have wings, and fly

34
Q

What is flying useful for?

A

escaping predators

35
Q

How can birds fly?

A

Hollow bones, special light feathers

36
Q

How do birds breathe?

A

Lungs

37
Q

What blood are birds?

A

Warm-blooded

38
Q

What does being warm-blooded mean?

A

Their body temperature doesn’t change with the environment (can inhabit cold areas)

39
Q

How many atriums and ventricles do birds have?

A

2 each

40
Q

What eggs do birds lay?

A

Eggs with hard shells

41
Q

What do mammals give birth to?

A

Live offsprings (no eggs)

42
Q

What do mammals produce?

A

Milk

43
Q

Do mammals have fur?

A

yes

44
Q

What blood are mammals?

A

Warm-blooded

45
Q

What do you call mammals that lay eggs?

A

Monotremes

46
Q

Name two monotremes

A

Echidnas, Platypus

47
Q

What are invertebrates?

A

Animals that have no spine

48
Q

How do sponges breathe and eat?

A

Through many pores (absorbs oxygen and nutrients)

49
Q

Do sponges have a nervous system?

A

no

50
Q

What do sponges form?

A

Colonies

51
Q

Do sponges move?

A

no

52
Q

name two cnidarians

A

jellyfish, coral

53
Q

Do cnidarians have nerves?

A

yes

54
Q

What do cnidarians contain?

A

Specialised cells that have poisonous liquid to sting and capture food

55
Q

How many openings do cnidarians have?

A

One (for ingesting food and excreting waste )

56
Q

What does coral produce and surround itself with?

A

hard calcium carbonate

57
Q

How many openings do flatworms have?

A

One

58
Q

What do flatworms have?

A

Eyes, brain, nerves

59
Q

What is a flatworm like?

A

Flat and worm like

60
Q

What body does a nematode have?

A

cylindrical body

61
Q

What body parts does a nematode have?

A

Mouth and anus

62
Q

Where do nematodes live?

A

Soil, hosts, ocean floor

63
Q

What does a rotifer’s mouth look like?

A

Many hairs around the mouth

64
Q

What body parts does a rotifer have?

A

mouth, anus, nerves

65
Q

What does an Annelid look like?

A

long, cylindrical bodies with segments

66
Q

What body parts foes an Annelid have?

A

Brain, nerves, heart, blood vessels

67
Q

Do Annelids have bones?

A

No legs or skeleton

68
Q

What kind of bodies do mollusks have?

A

Soft bodies with no skeleton

69
Q

What do mollusks create?

A

shells made from calcium carbonate

70
Q

do all mollusks have full shells?

A

no

71
Q

What body part does mollusks have?

A

heart & developed nerves

72
Q

What does an arthropod look like?

A

hard exoskeletons

73
Q

What is an arthropod’s body like?

A

segmented bodies with leg joints

74
Q

name some arthropods

A

insects, crustaceans (shrimp), spiders

75
Q

What exhibits radial symmetry?

A

Echinoderm

76
Q

What is echinoderm’s exoskeleton made of?

A

Calcium Carbonate

77
Q

What can echinoderm do to their bodies?

A

Many can regenerate body parts

78
Q

Name some echinoderms

A

Sea urchin, starfish

79
Q

What is radial symmetry?

A

symmetry around a central point

80
Q

What do protochordates have?

A

A notochord

81
Q

What is a notochord?

A

primitive form of a spine

82
Q

What are protochords ancestors of?

A

vertebrates

Science 2 Term 1 (8 decks)

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