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Science 2 Term 1 > _Animal Diversity > Flashcards

_Animal Diversity Flashcards

1
Q

What are animals part of?

A

the animal kingdom

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2
Q

What are animals?

A

Heterotrophs (rely on other sources for food)

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3
Q

What do animals have that respond to stimuli?

A

Sense organs

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4
Q

What are vertebrates?

A

Organisms with a spine and brain

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5
Q

Name all 5 vertebrates

A

Fish, Amphibians, Reptiles, Birds, Mammals

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6
Q

What is the origin of all vertebrate species?

A

Fish

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7
Q

What do fish have, and where do they live?

A

Scales, in water

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8
Q

What type of respiration do fishes do?

A

Branchial respiration

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9
Q

What is branchial respiration?

A

breathing across the gills

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10
Q

What does a fish’s heart contain?

A

1 atrium and 1 ventricle

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11
Q

What does the atrium and ventricle do?

A

Pumps up un-oxygenated blood to the gills

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12
Q

Is the fish’s heart efficient?

A

no

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13
Q

What eggs do fish lay, and where?

A

They lay soft eggs in the water

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14
Q

Where do adult amphibians live?

A

on land and water

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15
Q

Where do young amphibians live?

A

Water

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16
Q

What respiration does young amphibians do?

A

branchial respiration

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17
Q

From where do amphibians receive some oxygen supply?

A

Through wet skin and lungs (cutaneous breathing)

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18
Q

What was the first vertebrate to live on land?

A

Amphibians

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19
Q

What do amphibians go through?

A

Metamorphosis

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20
Q

What is metamorphosis?

A

(a change in body structure)

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21
Q

How many atriums and ventricles do amphibians have?

A

2 atriums, 1 ventricle

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22
Q

What do reptiles have?

A

Scales

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23
Q

Where do reptiles breathe from?

A

Lungs

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24
Q

Where can young reptiles be laid?

A

On land

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25
Why can young reptiles be laid on land?
Due to the egg's hard, thick shells
26
What blood are reptiles?
Cold-blooded
27
How do reptiles control temperature?
By taking in heat from the outside or being very active
28
What did reptiles evolve from?
Amphibians
29
How many atriums and ventricles do reptiles have?
2 atriums, 1 ventricle
30
What do the 2 atriums do?
They separate oxygenated and deoxygenated blood coming from the body and lungs
31
What does the ventricle do?
It sends a mix of oxygenated and deoxygenated blood to the lungs
32
How do alligators and turtles live?
They live in water, but must breathe air and lay their eggs on land
33
What are birds?
Covered with feathers, have wings, and fly
34
What is flying useful for?
escaping predators
35
How can birds fly?
Hollow bones, special light feathers
36
How do birds breathe?
Lungs
37
What blood are birds?
Warm-blooded
38
What does being warm-blooded mean?
Their body temperature doesn't change with the environment (can inhabit cold areas)
39
How many atriums and ventricles do birds have?
2 each
40
What eggs do birds lay?
Eggs with hard shells
41
What do mammals give birth to?
Live offsprings (no eggs)
42
What do mammals produce?
Milk
43
Do mammals have fur?
yes
44
What blood are mammals?
Warm-blooded
45
What do you call mammals that lay eggs?
Monotremes
46
Name two monotremes
Echidnas, Platypus
47
What are invertebrates?
Animals that have no spine
48
How do sponges breathe and eat?
Through many pores (absorbs oxygen and nutrients)
49
Do sponges have a nervous system?
no
50
What do sponges form?
Colonies
51
Do sponges move?
no
52
name two cnidarians
jellyfish, coral
53
Do cnidarians have nerves?
yes
54
What do cnidarians contain?
Specialised cells that have poisonous liquid to sting and capture food
55
How many openings do cnidarians have?
One (for ingesting food and excreting waste )
56
What does coral produce and surround itself with?
hard calcium carbonate
57
How many openings do flatworms have?
One
58
What do flatworms have?
Eyes, brain, nerves
59
What is a flatworm like?
Flat and worm like
60
What body does a nematode have?
cylindrical body
61
What body parts does a nematode have?
Mouth and anus
62
Where do nematodes live?
Soil, hosts, ocean floor
63
What does a rotifer's mouth look like?
Many hairs around the mouth
64
What body parts does a rotifer have?
mouth, anus, nerves
65
What does an Annelid look like?
long, cylindrical bodies with segments
66
What body parts foes an Annelid have?
Brain, nerves, heart, blood vessels
67
Do Annelids have bones?
No legs or skeleton
68
What kind of bodies do mollusks have?
Soft bodies with no skeleton
69
What do mollusks create?
shells made from calcium carbonate
70
do all mollusks have full shells?
no
71
What body part does mollusks have?
heart & developed nerves
72
What does an arthropod look like?
hard exoskeletons
73
What is an arthropod's body like?
segmented bodies with leg joints
74
name some arthropods
insects, crustaceans (shrimp), spiders
75
What exhibits radial symmetry?
Echinoderm
76
What is echinoderm's exoskeleton made of?
Calcium Carbonate
77
What can echinoderm do to their bodies?
Many can regenerate body parts
78
Name some echinoderms
Sea urchin, starfish
79
What is radial symmetry?
symmetry around a central point
80
What do protochordates have?
A notochord
81
What is a notochord?
primitive form of a spine
82
What are protochords ancestors of?
vertebrates

Science 2 Term 1 (8 decks)

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