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Science 2 Term 1 > _mitosis > Flashcards

_mitosis Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Why does a cell need to divide?

A

asexual reproduction, repair wounds, grow body

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2
Q

What is chromatin?

A

A mass of DNA inside the nucleus

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3
Q

What happens to a cell when they’re ready to reproduce?

A

The chromatin gets tightly wound into chromosomes

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4
Q

How many chromosomes do humans have?

A

46

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5
Q

What is the cell cycle?

A

the cell’s life cycle

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6
Q

What 2 steps make up the cell cycle?

A

interphase and the mitotic phase
(preparation and division)

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7
Q

What 3 parts is interphase divided into?

A

G1 phase, S phase, G2 phase

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8
Q

What happens in the G1 phase?

A

the cell copies its organelles

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9
Q

What happens in the S phase?

A

the cell copies the DNA

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10
Q

What does the S phase stand for?

A

Synthesis phase

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11
Q

What happens to the # of chromosomes in the S phase?

A

although DNA changes, the # of chromosomes doesn’t change (chromosomes are counted by the # of centromeres)

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12
Q

What happens in the G2 phase?

A

The cell grows larger and copies important enzymes/proteins

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13
Q

What are sister chromatids?

A

The duplicated copies of stuck-together DNA

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14
Q

What happens in the mitotic phase?

A

One parent cell divides into 2 daughter cells

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15
Q

What are the steps of mitosis?

A

PMAT (prophase metaphase anaphase telophase)

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16
Q

What happens in prophase?

A

Chromatin condenses into chromosomes, the nuclear envelope disappears, centrosomes start to move toward the sides of the cell, and spindle fibers form

17
Q

What happens in metaphase?

A

spindle fibers attach to the centromeres, and they move the chromosomes into the middle of the cell

18
Q

What happens in anaphase?

A

sister chromatids are pulled apart by the spindle fibers, and they move towards opposite sides of the cell

19
Q

What happens in telophase?

A

nuclear membrane reforms around chromosomes, membrane pinches in and forms down cell’s center, cells split apart

20
Q

What can mistakes made during cell division lead to?

A

cancer and other disorders

Science 2 Term 1 (8 decks)

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