Fungi

Question 1

Microsporum canis
disease association
zoophilic, geophilic or anthrophilic
host

Answer 1

“ringworm”, fungal abscess/kerion
zoophilic
cat is natural host
also occurs in dogs

Question 2

Microsporum periscolor
zoophilic, geophilic or anthrophilic
host

Answer 2

zoophilic & geophilic
primarily dogs

Question 3

Microsporum gypsum
zoophilic, geophilic or anthrophilic
host

Answer 3

1 dermatophyte in horses in South

2nd most common dermatophyte in dogs
geophilic

Question 4

Trichiphyton equinum
zoophilic, geophilic or anthrophilic
host

Answer 4

zoophilic
horses

Question 5

Trichiphyton mentagrophytes
zoophilic, geophilic or anthrophilic
host

Answer 5

zoophilic
horses, sometime dogs
reservoir: wild rodents

Question 6

Trichiphyton verruscosum
zoophilic, geophilic or anthrophilic
host

Answer 6

zoophilic
cattle

Question 7

Microsporum nanum
zoophilic, geophilic or anthrophilic
host

Answer 7

zoophilic
pigs

Question 8

Epidermophyton spp.
disease association
zoophilic, geophilic or anthropophilic
host

Answer 8

“athelete’s foot”
anthropophilic
humans

Question 9

Microsporum audouinii
disease association
zoophilic, geophilic or anthrophilic
host

Answer 9

tinea capitis in children
anthropophilic
humans

Question 10

diagnostics for dermatophytosis

Answer 10

wood’s lamp
experience
culture on dermatophyte test medium (DTM) or Sabouraud’s Agar
KOH prep on crusts/hair

Question 11

wavelength of UV light of wood’s lamp

Answer 11

320-400 nm

Question 12

shortcomings of using wood lamp for dermatophytosis

Answer 12

false - from non-fluorescing strains or a cold lamp
false + from ointments, dead skin or Pseudomonas spp.

Question 13

shortcomings of DTM for dermatophytosis

Answer 13

false + possible

Question 14

when is it necessary to include a histopathological evaluation in cases of suspected fungal disease?

Answer 14

for common contaminants

e.g. zygomyces

Question 15

organisms that exhibit dimorphism and is it thermal or tissue dimorphism?

Answer 15

Sporothrix schenckii (thermal)
Blastomycosis (thermal)
Histoplasma capsulatum (thermal)
Coccidiodes immitis (tissue)

Question 16

Sporothrix schenckii yeast appearance

Answer 16

intralesional yeast “cigar bodies”

Question 17

zoonotic fungi

Answer 17

Microsporum canis
Sporothrix schenckii

Question 18

diagnostic methods for dimorphic systemic mycoses

Answer 18

Blastomyces dermatitidis
- galactomannan Ag in urine
- brain heart infusion agar w/ cycloheximidde & chloramphenicol

Histoplasma capsulatum
- urine Ag test

Coccidioides immitis
- anti-CI Ab

Question 19

Malassezia pachydermatitis

Answer 19

common in vetmed
YEAST
ear infections
no culture – cyto or clinically fine

Question 20

Sporothrix schenkii (sporotrichosis)
host
disease

Answer 20

horses, dogs, cats, people
“rose-picker’s disease”, non-healing wounds on head, neck, extremities

Question 21

Pythium indidiosum (pythiosis)
host
disease
geographic distribution

Answer 21

horses, dog, humans
(oomycosis) - osteomyelitis “swamp cancer” “leeches”, non-healing granulomas
stagnant water in tropical regions

Question 22

Basidiobolus spp.

Answer 22

zygomycosis

Question 23

Mucor and Rhizopus spp.
disease
host

Answer 23

zygomycosis
mucormycosis most common form
immunocompromised patients, predilection for Tasmanian platypus

Question 24

Candida albicans

Answer 24

opportunistic systemic mycoses - yeast (narrow base)
mouth, bladder, kidney, peritonitis, crop mycosis in birds

Question 25

Aspergillus fumigatus
host
disease

Answer 25

horses (common), then dogs
immunosuppression not required
mycetomas (fungal maasses) in guttural pouch or nose

Question 26

A. fumigatus & Mucor spp.
host
disease

Answer 26

cattle
mycotic abortion

Question 27

Pseudallescheria boydii
host
disease

Answer 27

differential for canine nasal aspergillus or in mesentary

cow - granulomatous rhinitis & sinusitis

Question 28

Aspergillus spp, Fusarium spp, Alternaria spp.
host
disease

Answer 28

mycotic keratitis in horses and dogs

Question 29

Cryptococcus neoformans
host
disease
pathogenesis

Answer 29

cats, dogs, humans
space occupying lesions - resp, skin, CNS, eye
enriched pigeon droppins “creatinine”

Question 30

C. neoformans gattii
host
disease
geographic distribution

Answer 30

cats, dogs, humans
space occupying lesions - resp, skin, CNS, eye
Pacific NW horses

Question 31

Blastomycosis geographic distribution

Answer 31

Eastern, Midwest, acidic/moist soil like near the Mississippi/ Ohio River Valley

Question 32

Blastomycosis yeast characteristics

Answer 32

at body temp
broad based budding

Question 33

Blastomyces dermatitidis
host
disease

Answer 33

dogs, humans
pyogranulomatous inflam - lungs then bone, CNS, eye, skin

Question 34

Histoplasma capsulatum geographic distribution

Answer 34

Midwest/Southcentral, esp. Ohio/Mississippi River Valley
bird/bat droppings

Question 35

Histoplasma capsulatum yeast characteristics

Answer 35

macrophages
capsule deficient crypto

Question 36

Histoplasma capsulatum
host
disease

Answer 36

cats, dogs, humans
lung then spreads to SI, liver, LN, spleen, eye, rarely bone; wasting syndrome

Question 37

Coccidiodes immitis geographic distribution

Answer 37

lower Sonoran life zones (cacti zones) w/ alkaline soil
SW US ( AZ, NM)
some CA, WA

Question 38

Coccidiodes immitis yeast characteristics

Answer 38

“arthroconidia” - arthrospores, spherule with endospores

Question 39

Coccidiodes immitis
host
disease

Answer 39

dogs, camelids
Valley Fever