Draining Tracts Flashcards
actinomyces spp.
gram + or -
shape
aerobe or anaerobe
spore or non-spore forming
species
clinical signs
gram + filamentous, branching rod
facultative anaerobes
non-spore forming
dogs, cats, horses, cattle
foreign bodies, bite wounds, “lumpy jaw”, polymicrobial, pyogranulomatous, osteomyelitis (deep infections)
nocardia spp.
gram + or -
shape
aerobe or anaerobe
spore or non-sporming
species
clinical signs
gram + filamentous, branching rod
aerobe
non-spore forming
dogs, cats, horses, cattle
not polymicrobial, pyogranulomatous, hematogenous spread, poorer prognosis than actinomyces
actinomyces spp. and nocardia spp. diagnostics
why?
aerobic, anaerobic, fungal, and mycobacterial cultures
because of differential diagnostics & some actinomyces spp. are obligate anaerobes and some are facultative anaerobes
nocardia spp. diagnostic specifics
stain acid-fast due to mycolic acids in cell wall
will not grow in anaerobic conditions
actinomyces spp. diagnostic specifics
sulfur granules in culture, sand-like texture
“splendore-hoeppli” material in histo sections
actinomyces/nocardia treatment
surgical debridement/debulking
thoracocentesis in pleuritis case
Actinomyces - penicillins
Nocardia - Trimethoprim-Sulfa
Dermatophilus congolensis
gram + or -
shape
aerobe or anaerobe
spore or non-spore forming
capnophillic?
zoonotic?
species and clinical signs
gram + filamentous, branching rod
facultative anaerobe
spore-like forming “zoospores”
capnophillic
zoonotic
“rain rot” “rain scald” in horses
streptotrichosis in cattle and sheep
lumpy wool in sheep
Dermatophilus congolensis
transmission
diagnostics
treatments
arthropods, plants, grooming tools
cytology, histopath, culture - train track
less moisture, insects, benzyl peroxide shampoo, abx
Burkholderia mallei
gram + or -
shape
aerobe or anaerobe
spore or non-spore forming
intracellular?
zoonotic?
species
clinical signs
gram - rods
aerobe
non-spore forming
intracellular
zoonotic
equids
pyogranulomatous lymphangitis, abscesses
systemic form “glanders” & cutaneous form “farcy”
list all reportable diseases
B. abortus, B. canis
Campylobacter fetus venerealis
Burkholderia mallei
Burkholderia pseudomallei
Taylorella equigenitalsis
list the bioterrism agents
Burkholderia mallei & pseudomallei
Coxiella burnetti
Burkholderia mallei
diagnostic tests?
what is the purpose of mallein?
intradermal testing with mallein for screening of horses
aerobic culture on blood agar, confirmed by APHIS
mallein test exploits type IV hypersensitivity
Burkholderia pseudomallei
gram + or -
shape
aerobe or anaerobe
spore or non-spore forming
intracellular?
species
clinical signs
difference to Burkholderia mallei?
gram - rod
aerobe
non-spore forming
intracellular
wide host range - Melioidosis, similar to glanders
less contagious
Burkholderia pseudomallei
diagnostics
culture on blood agar
Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis
gram - or +
shape
aerobe or anaerobe
intracellular?
species
clinical signs
gram + rod
facultative anaerobe
intracellular - favors phagocytes
caseous lymphadenitis (CL) in sheep and goats
“pigeon breast and pigeon fever” in horses
wasting
