Derm Flashcards
staphylococcus spp.
gram - or +
shape
aerobe or anaerobe
spore or non-spore forming
virulence factor
gram + cocci, grape-like
facultative anaerobe
non-spore forming
MSCRAMMs - Fibronectin, Collagen, Fibrinogen
biofilm
S. schleiferi
coagulase + or -
species
clinical signs
coagulase +
dogs
suppurative inflammation
staphylococcus spp.
pathogenesis
toxic shock syndrome toxin (TSST)
superantigens
cytokine storm
S. hyicus
coagulase + or -
species
clinical signs
none specified
swine, cattle
“greasy pig disease”
S. intermedius
coagulase + or -
coagulase +
S. pseudointermedius
coagulase + or -
species
clinical signs
coagulase +
dogs
primary derm disease - superficial/deep pyoderma, wound infections, otitis externa
also opportunistic infections of every other organ system esp. urinary tract infections
S. aureus
coagulase + or -
species
clinical signs
coagulase +
cattle, horses, dogs, cats, poultry, swine
wound infections
also urinary tract infections and contagious mastitis
erysipelas (superficial dermatitis) in humans
which staphylococcus spp. is the most important opportunist of dogs?
S. pseudointermedius
in all normal flora
which staphylococcus spp. is the cause of highest burden of disease in people
S. aureus
what types of flora are important for encounter of S. pseudointermedius
resident flora (multiply on healthy skin)
transient flora (do not multiply)
S. pseudointermedius
resident or transient in dogs?
MRSP or MRSA?
resident and transient in dogs
transient in people
MRSP (methicillin resistant)
S. aureus
resident or transient in humans?
MRSP or MRSA?
resident and transient in humans
minor player in dogs
MRSA in humans and dogs
Staphylococcus spp. transmission
damage to skin/follicles –> access to the bloodstream
can lead to emboli in other organs such as endocarditis
Staph can ______ just about anywhere in a debilitated patient
dissemintate
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
gram - or +
shape
aerobe or anaerobe
virulence factors
gram - rod
aerobe
LPS, toxins, neuraminidase, biofilm, T3SS
P. aeruginosa
pathogenesis/transmission
clinical signs
environmental, transient flora, nosocomial, enters damaged epithelial
otitis externa (smells like grapes), strike through, intertrigo, deep pyoderma
P. aeruginosa
diagnostics
treatment
superficial or deep samples (e.g. punch biopsy)
deep infections need systemic abx w/ 3rd gen cephalosporin
keratitis needs topical
Staphylococcus spp.
diagnostics
treatment
supericial or deep sample (e.g. punch biopsy)
superficial infection need topical abx
deep infections need systemic abx
MRSA/MRSP no beta-lactams, need culture/anx susceptibility
Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae
gram - or +
shape
aerobe or anaerobe
capnophilic?
spore or non-spore forming?
virulence factor
zoonotic?
gram + rod (RECTL)
facultative anaerobe
capnophillic
non-spore forming
neuraminidase, glycoprotein capsule, adhesive protein (RESPA and RspB, biofilm
zoonotic
E. rhusiopathiae
species
clinical signs
swine erysipelas “diamond skin disease” in swine
purple snood disease in turkeys
wound infections, polyarthritis in sheep
humans - erysipeloid (deep infection) fish handler disease, pig handler disease” - common in snorkelers
E. rhusiopathiae
pathogenesis
bacteremia –> vasculitis, immune complexes, thrombosis, ischemia, infarction
E. rhusiopathiae
diagnostics
treatment
bacterial culture in septicemia or culture of joint tissue
blood smear
blood agar w/ H2S production
MALDI-TOF identification
sanitize, prevent fighting toms, vx, abx (3rd gen cephalosporins)
why does Pseudomonas aeruginosa has a green pigment due to ________
pyocyanin pigment
significant bacteria for superficial infections only
coagulase + staph
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
significant bacteria for deep infections only
beta-hemolytic strep
enterobacterales
Contamination is often due to which bacteria
coagulase - staph
bacillus spp.
micrococcus spp.
alpha and gamma hemolytic strep
corynebacterium spp.
acinetobacter spp.
pseudomonas spp. (not aeruginosa)
