Derm Flashcards

1
Q

staphylococcus spp.
gram - or +
shape
aerobe or anaerobe
spore or non-spore forming
virulence factor

A

gram + cocci, grape-like
facultative anaerobe
non-spore forming
MSCRAMMs - Fibronectin, Collagen, Fibrinogen
biofilm

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2
Q

S. schleiferi
coagulase + or -
species
clinical signs

A

coagulase +
dogs
suppurative inflammation

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3
Q

staphylococcus spp.
pathogenesis

A

toxic shock syndrome toxin (TSST)
superantigens
cytokine storm

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4
Q

S. hyicus
coagulase + or -
species
clinical signs

A

none specified
swine, cattle
“greasy pig disease”

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5
Q

S. intermedius
coagulase + or -

A

coagulase +

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6
Q

S. pseudointermedius
coagulase + or -
species
clinical signs

A

coagulase +
dogs
primary derm disease - superficial/deep pyoderma, wound infections, otitis externa
also opportunistic infections of every other organ system esp. urinary tract infections

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7
Q

S. aureus
coagulase + or -
species
clinical signs

A

coagulase +
cattle, horses, dogs, cats, poultry, swine
wound infections
also urinary tract infections and contagious mastitis
erysipelas (superficial dermatitis) in humans

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8
Q

which staphylococcus spp. is the most important opportunist of dogs?

A

S. pseudointermedius
in all normal flora

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9
Q

which staphylococcus spp. is the cause of highest burden of disease in people

A

S. aureus

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10
Q

what types of flora are important for encounter of S. pseudointermedius

A

resident flora (multiply on healthy skin)
transient flora (do not multiply)

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11
Q

S. pseudointermedius
resident or transient in dogs?
MRSP or MRSA?

A

resident and transient in dogs
transient in people
MRSP (methicillin resistant)

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12
Q

S. aureus
resident or transient in humans?
MRSP or MRSA?

A

resident and transient in humans
minor player in dogs
MRSA in humans and dogs

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13
Q

Staphylococcus spp. transmission

A

damage to skin/follicles –> access to the bloodstream
can lead to emboli in other organs such as endocarditis

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14
Q

Staph can ______ just about anywhere in a debilitated patient

A

dissemintate

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15
Q

Pseudomonas aeruginosa
gram - or +
shape
aerobe or anaerobe
virulence factors

A

gram - rod
aerobe
LPS, toxins, neuraminidase, biofilm, T3SS

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16
Q

P. aeruginosa
pathogenesis/transmission
clinical signs

A

environmental, transient flora, nosocomial, enters damaged epithelial
otitis externa (smells like grapes), strike through, intertrigo, deep pyoderma

17
Q

P. aeruginosa
diagnostics
treatment

A

superficial or deep samples (e.g. punch biopsy)

deep infections need systemic abx w/ 3rd gen cephalosporin
keratitis needs topical

18
Q

Staphylococcus spp.
diagnostics
treatment

A

supericial or deep sample (e.g. punch biopsy)

superficial infection need topical abx
deep infections need systemic abx
MRSA/MRSP no beta-lactams, need culture/anx susceptibility

19
Q

Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae
gram - or +
shape
aerobe or anaerobe
capnophilic?
spore or non-spore forming?
virulence factor
zoonotic?

A

gram + rod (RECTL)
facultative anaerobe
capnophillic
non-spore forming
neuraminidase, glycoprotein capsule, adhesive protein (RESPA and RspB, biofilm
zoonotic

20
Q

E. rhusiopathiae
species
clinical signs

A

swine erysipelas “diamond skin disease” in swine
purple snood disease in turkeys
wound infections, polyarthritis in sheep
humans - erysipeloid (deep infection) fish handler disease, pig handler disease” - common in snorkelers

21
Q

E. rhusiopathiae
pathogenesis

A

bacteremia –> vasculitis, immune complexes, thrombosis, ischemia, infarction

22
Q

E. rhusiopathiae
diagnostics
treatment

A

bacterial culture in septicemia or culture of joint tissue
blood smear
blood agar w/ H2S production
MALDI-TOF identification

sanitize, prevent fighting toms, vx, abx (3rd gen cephalosporins)

23
Q

why does Pseudomonas aeruginosa has a green pigment due to ________

A

pyocyanin pigment

24
Q

significant bacteria for superficial infections only

A

coagulase + staph
Pseudomonas aeruginosa

25
Q

significant bacteria for deep infections only

A

beta-hemolytic strep
enterobacterales

26
Q

Contamination is often due to which bacteria

A

coagulase - staph
bacillus spp.
micrococcus spp.
alpha and gamma hemolytic strep
corynebacterium spp.
acinetobacter spp.
pseudomonas spp. (not aeruginosa)