fungi Flashcards
domain characteristics
eukaryotic, sporebearing
absorptive nutrition
sexual and asexual reproduction
contain chitin, lack chlorophyll
taxonomy
6 phyla
phylum chytridiomycota: description
primitive, simplest
parasitic forms
mostly aquatic, like warm, slightly acidic environments
microscopic, flagellated
phylum zygomycota: description
“refrigerator molds”
live in decaying plant and animal matter, can survive at low temperatures
usually asexual reproduction: spore formation, budding
sexual reproduction: fusion to form zygospore
phylum glomeromycota: description
symbiosis with plants
- plant provides carbs for fungus
glomeromycota: arbuscular vs. ectomycorrhizae
arbuscular: go through root cells
ectomycorrhizae: surround root cells
basidiomycota (club fungi) examples
toadstools, shelf fungi, puffballs, mushrooms
- armillaria ostoyea: largest organism
phylum basidiomycota: description
some are bioluminescent
- deterrent for predators
- attracts insects to disperse spores
basidiomycota: human impact
toxins are hallucinogenic, some fata
ex) amanita phalloides: liver rupture, GI damage, have 3 toxins
- known as “death angel”
phylum microsporidia: description
protist-like
infect insects, fish, humans
have a polar tube, which can be ejected
cause xenomas (growths)
phylum ascomycota: description
largest phyla
red, brown, blue-green molds
yeast
s. cerevisiae
reproduction: budding occurs at non-scarred regions
genus aspergillus species
part of ascomycota
1. a. fumigatus
- allergies
2. a. oryzae
- production of certain foods
claviceps purpura
plant parasite
candida albicans
part of normal microbiota
candida vaginitis transmission
disruption of normal microbiota
pH increases when lactobacillus is inhibited
antibiotics sometimes lead to this
oropharyngeal candidiasis
thrush
common in newborns
blastomyces dermatidis: transmission, tissue tropism, treatment
aka blastomycosis
cutaneous, pulmonary
found in soil
treated with antifungals
histoplasma capsulazum: transmission and symptoms
inhalation of airborne spores in bird and bat droppings
flu-like symptoms
pityriasis versicolor fungus
malassezia furfur
pityriasis versicolor symptoms
discolored patches of skin
not harmful
very common
tinea capitis fungus
trichophyton, microsporum
tinea capitis symptoms
hair loss and inflammation
tinea barbae disease and fungus
beard ringworm
trichophyton
