fungal + infestations Flashcards
what is tinea
dermatophyte fungal infection - ringworm
where is tineap capitis
scalp
where is tinea cruris
groin
symptoms tinea capitis
scarring alopecia // pustular, boggy mass (kerion) can form
diagnosis tinea capitas
scalp scraping or wood light
mx tinea capitis
oral antifungal eg terbinafine or griseofulvin // ketoconazole shampoo
symptoms tinea corpis
well defines, red lesions with pustules and papules
mx tinea corporis
oral fluclonazole
symptoms tinea pedis
athletes foot - itchy, peely skin between toes
mx tinea pedis
topical imadazole, terbinafine
where does candida usually occur
warm fold eg armpit, breast, groin // mouth // vagina
mx vaginal candida
1 = oral fluclonazole // 2 = clotrimazole pessary
causes fungal nail
dermatophytes (trich rubrum) // yeast eg candida
RF fungal nail
age, diabetes, psoriasis, nail trauma
symptoms fungal nail
thick, rough, opaque nail, ugly
invx fungal nail
clipping + scrapping –> microscopy and culture
mx fungal nail for mild infection
doesnt need treated // topical amorofline (6 months hand, 9 months feet)
mx extensive dermatophyte fungal nail
oral terbinafine (dermatophyte) - 6 weeks hands // 3-6 months feet
mx extensive candida fungal nail
oral itraconzole pulsed therapy (candida)
what causes pityriasis versicolour
malassezia furfur
symptoms pityriasis versicolour
trunk // hypopogmented lesions // scale // itch // noticable with suntan
rf pityriasis versicolour
healthy or immunosuppressed // malnourished // cushings
mx pityriasis versicolour
ketoconazole shampoo // if resistant oral itraconazole
what causes lymes disease
borrelia burgdoferi - ticks
symptoms early lymes
arythema migrans: bulls eye rash 80% // 1-4 weeks after bite // headache, fever, tired // arthralgia!!!
late features lymes disease
CV heart block // myocarditis // facial palsy // meningitis
invx Lymes disease
clinical if erythema migrans // ELISA antibodies first line
testing antibodies in Lymes
ELISA // if negative repeat 4-6 weeks // if negative again –> immunoblot // if positive –> immunoblot
mx lyme disease
1 = doxy (or amox if pregnant) // 2 = ceftriaxone
what reaction can be seen after starting abx in Lymes
Jarisch-Herxheime - fever, rash, raised HR
what type of reaction is scabies
type IV (after 30 days)
symptoms scabies
widespread itch // burrow lines // scratch marks
medical mx scabies
1 = permithrin 5% (leave on 8-12 hours) // 2 = malathion 0.5 % (leave on 24 hours)
mx close contact scabies
all house hold and physical contacts treated // clean all clothes, towels,, beds etc
what is crusted scabes
in immunosuppresed eg HIV, cancer
mx crusted scabes
isolation and ivermectin
