cancer

Question 1

what is an AK

Answer 1

chronic sun exposure –> premalignant lesion –> SCC

Question 2

features AK

Answer 2

small, crusty, scaly // pink, red, brown // sun exposed areas eg forehead

Question 3

1st topical mx AK + what can be co-prescribed

Answer 3

flurouracil cream 2-3 weeks // topical hydrocrtoisone following

Question 4

2nd line topical mx AK

Answer 4

topical diclofenac // topical imiquimod

Question 5

3rd line mx AK

Answer 5

cryotherapy or curettage and cautery

Question 6

what is bowens disease

Answer 6

precancerous dermatosis –> SCC

Question 7

symptoms bowens

Answer 7

10-15mm // slow growing // sun-exposed sites // looks like a red scab

Question 8

mx Bowens (3)

Answer 8

5FU - BD for 4 weeks // cryotherapy // excision

Question 9

RF SCC

Answer 9

sunlight UVA eg lots of time in the sun // AK or bowens // immunosuppresed eg renal transplant // ulcers

Question 10

features SCC

Answer 10

sun exposed sites // rapid growing painless ulcers // cauliflower appearance // bleeding

Question 11

indicators of poor prognosis SCC

Answer 11

poorly differentiated // > 20mm diameter // > 4mm depth // immunosuppresed patient

Question 12

mx SCC

Answer 12

excision with 4mm marging if <20mm // if >20mm then 6mm margins

Question 13

what surgery for SCC can be done on cosmetic sites

Answer 13

Mohs micrographic surgery

Question 14

chance of mets SCC vs BCC

Answer 14

SCC = 3-5% // BCC = v rare

Question 15

features BCC

Answer 15

nodular // sun exposed // pearly, flesh coloured papule with telangiectasia // can ulcer –> crater

Question 16

RF BCC

Answer 16

burning

Question 17

wht is most common cancer in western world

Answer 17

BCC

Question 18

mx BCC

Answer 18

surgical // curettage // cryotherapy // imiquimod or 5FU // radiotherapy // Vismodegib

Question 19

most –> least common melanoma

Answer 19

superficial spreading –> nodular –> lentigo –> acral

Question 20

lesion, age, area superficial spreading melanoma

Answer 20

arms, legs back, chest // young people // changing mole

Question 21

main criteria for melanoma

Answer 21

change in size, shape, colour // diameter >7mm, inflamm, oozing, altered sensation

Question 22

symptoms nodular melanoma

Answer 22

middle aged people

Question 23

lesion, age, area nodular melanoma

Answer 23

middle aged people // sun exposed // red or black lump which oozes or bleeds

Question 24

lesion, age, area lentigo melanoma

Answer 24

older people // sun exposed // same as superficial melanoma

Question 25

lesion, age, area acral lentiginous melanoma

Answer 25

nails, palms, soles // darker skin // subungal pigmentation

Question 26

mx melanoma

Answer 26

excision + biopsy –> maybe re-excision

Question 27

prognostic + excision marker melanoma

Answer 27

breslow thickness

Question 28

5 year survival breslow thickness <0.75mm vs >4mm

Answer 28

<0.75 = 95-100% // >4 mm = 50%

Question 29

mx malignant melanoma

Answer 29

sentinal node, chemo

Question 30

what is mycosis fungoides

Answer 30

T cell lymphoma of skin

Question 31

symptoms mycosis fungoides

Answer 31

itchy, red patches // varying colour

Question 32

what is kaposis sarcoma + what does it look like

Answer 32

vascular + lymph tumour // purple nodule