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Lottie's DPD 1 > Fundamentals of Histology > Flashcards

Fundamentals of Histology Flashcards

1
Q

Describe the appearance of neutrophils

A

Polylobated nuclei

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2
Q

What are neutrophils associated with?

A

Acute inflammation

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3
Q

What are lymphocytes and plasma cells associated with ?

A

Chronic inflammation and lymphomas

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4
Q

How are lymphomas differentiated from chronic inflammation?

A

Lymphomas have monoclonal lymphocytes in sheets

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5
Q

What do eosinophils look like?

A

Bi-lobed nuclei with red granules

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6
Q

What 3 things are eosinophils associated with?

A

Allergic reactions, parasitic infections and tumours such as Hodgkins lymphoma

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7
Q

Describe appearance of mast cells

A

Granulated with large nuclei

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8
Q

What conditions are mast cells associated with in the skin?

A

Urticaria

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9
Q

What do macrophages look like?

A

Lots of cytoplasm

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10
Q

What are macrophages associated with?

A

Phagocytosis!!
Late acute inflammation and chronic inflammation
GRANULOMAS

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11
Q

What is characteristic of TB histologically?

A

Granulomas

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12
Q

Describe how macrophages change in granulomas

A

Become secretory so have more cytoplasm to accommodate this - start looking like epithelium so called epithelioid macrophages

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13
Q

Name 3 types of carcinoma

A

SCC
Adenocarcinoma
Transitional cell carcinoma

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14
Q

Name 2 histological features of SCC?

A

Keratin producing

Intercellular bridges

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15
Q

Where is SCC found?

A

Anywhere with squamous epithelium

Skin, cervix, vagina, anus, oesophagus, head and neck

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16
Q

Name 2 histological features of adenocarcinoma

A

Mucin producing

Form glands

17
Q

What type of epithelium does adenocarcinoma come from?

A

Glandular

18
Q

Where is adenocarcinoma found?

A

Breast, lung, colon, pancreas

most common cancer in the body

19
Q

Where is transitional cell carcinoma found?

A

Ureters, bladder and proximal urethra

20
Q

How can you tell a melanoma from other cancers?

A

Produces melanin

21
Q

Name 2 categories of staining

A

Histochemical

Immunohistochemical

22
Q

What is histochemical staining?

A

Chemical reactions between stain and tissue

23
Q

Name 2 types of histochemical stain and what they show

A

Congo red - amyloid

Prussian blue - iron

24
Q

What is immunohistochemical staining?

A

AB stains to Ag tissue

25
Q

Name 2 types of immunohistochemical staining and what they show

A 
Cytokeratin = epithelium 
CD45 = lymphocyte

Lottie's DPD 1 (27 decks)

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