Fundamentals Chapter 23 Flashcards
ADA (The American with Disabilities Act )
is a broad civil rights statute that protects the rights of people with physical or mental disabilities
The Emergency Medical Treatment and Active Labor Act(EMTALA)
This act provides that, when a patient comes to the emergency department or the hospital, an appropriate medical screening occurs within the capacity of the hospital. If an emergency condition exists, the hospital is not to discharge or transfer the patient until the condition stabilizes.
Mental Health Parity Act of 1996
forbids health plans from placing lifetime or annual limits on mental health coverage that are less generous than those placed on medical or surgical benefits if health insurance plans provide mental health benefits.
Advance Directives
are based on values of informed consent, patient autonomy over end-of-life decisions, truth telling, and control over the dying process.
The Patient Self-Determination Act
requires health care institutions to provide written information to patients concerning their rights under state law to make decisions, including the right to refuse treatment and formulate advance directives. Under the act the patient’s record needs to document whether or not the patient has signed an advance directive.
Living Wills
represent written documents that direct treatment in accordance with a patient’s wishes in the event of a terminal illness or condition
Durable Power of Attorney for Health Care
is a legal document that designates a person or persons of one’s choosing to make health care decisions when the patient is no longer able to make decisions on his or her own behalf. This agent makes health care treatment decisions based on the patient’s wishes
DNR
DNR means “do not resuscitate” or “no code.” Documentation that the health care provider has consulted with the patient and/or family is required before attaching a DNR order to the patient’s medical record
Uniform Anatomical Gift Act
defined as a “donation of all or part of a human body to take effect upon or after death.”
National Organ Transplant Act of 1984
prohibits the purchase or sale of organs
Federal Nursing Home Reform Act 1987
gave residents in certified nursing homes the right to be free of unnecessary and inappropriate restraints.
What are the two essential standards for determination of death?
Cardiopulmonary standard (irreversible cessation of circulatory and respiratory functions), and whole-brain standard(irreversible cessation of the entire brain).
Informed Consent
is a person’s agreement to allow something to happen such as surgery or an invasive diagnostic procedure, based on a full disclosure of risks, benefits, alternatives, and consequences of refusal
Malpractice Insurance
Malpractice insurance provides for a defense when a nurse is in a lawsuit involving professional negligence or medical malpractice.
community Health Accreditation Program
require institutions to have guidelines for determining the number (staffing ratios) of nurses required to give care to a specific number of patients.