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RHN final exam > Fundamentals > Flashcards

Fundamentals Flashcards

1
Q

Low stomach acid levels can lead to increased .

A

bacteria, yeasts and parasites growing in the intestines

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2
Q

Natural levels of hydrochloric acid (HCl) and digestive enzymes decrease as we

A

age or if we abuse our gastrointestinal tracts through food excesses, chemical use and stress.

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3
Q

Pepsin digests?

A

proteins

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4
Q

Amylase digests?

A

carbohydrates

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5
Q

The principal site of protein metabolism is

A

the liver (for amino acids) – breakdown starts in the stomach (pepsin)

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6
Q

What is the primary component of all the bodily fluids.

A

Water

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7
Q

The best source of folic acid is

A

foliage, the green leafy vegetables.

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8
Q

The best sources of vitamin E are

A

the oil components of all grains, seeds and nuts

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9
Q

Selenium and vit E work:

A

Selenium and vitamin E work together synergistically in that they carry out antioxidant and immune-
stimulating effects better together.

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10
Q

What is cellulose?

A

Cellulose is the main component in the walls of all plant cells. Humans cannot digest it and it acts like a
bulking agent in the stool. Most veg and fruits contain cellulose.

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11
Q

Vitamin A works better when

A

there are sufficient body levels of zinc and an adequate intake of
protein.

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12
Q

One of the important functions of vitamin C is

A

the formation and maintenance of collagen, the
basis of connective tissue, which is found in skin, ligaments, cartilage, vertebral disks, joint linings,
capillary walls and the bones and teeth.

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13
Q

the most common symptom of chronic potassium deficiency.

A

Fatigue

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14
Q

Females on birth control pills usually have elevated____ and need____?

A

copper levels and need additional zinc and B 6 .

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15
Q

What is the preferred fuel of cells lining the small intestine?

A

Glutamine and it is already widely used for

intestinal support outside of its anti - inflammatory properties.

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16
Q

which vitamins are especially important in supporting nerve cell activity and in allowing the nerve cells to
produce their chemical messengers (neurotransmitters).

A

B vitamins

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17
Q

The thymus tends to grow weaker with age, and this help to reduce our immune defense system. T/F?

A

TRUE

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18
Q

Obesity, congestion and stagnation are all problems associated with

A

overeating.

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19
Q

If digestive juices are not secreted in adequate amounts:

A

food cannot be broken down.
food cannot be absorbed.
nutrients will be lost.

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20
Q

This toxic metal is commonly found in paint, gasoline, pottery, food, water, cosmetics, cigarettes and
pesticides.

A

Lead

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21
Q

Women who take birth control pills or estrogen have a higher need for:

A

vitamins B 2 and B 6.

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22
Q

Indicate the amino acids that fall in the ‘essential’ category.

A

Isoleucine, phenylalanine, tryptophan, valine, histidine, leucine, lysine, methionine, threonine

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23
Q

Which mineral helps regulate carbohydrate metabolism by enhancing insulin function for the proper
use of glucose in the body?

A

Chromium

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24
Q

Water-soluble vitamins: act in the body as

A

coenzymes.

25
Q

Which of the following trace minerals closely resembles calcium and can actually displace it?

A

Strontium

26
Q

This antioxidant is both made in our bodies and obtained through the diet, mainly in oily fish, organ
meats, and germs of whole grains:

A

CoQ10

27
Q

Which gland produces serotonin and melatonin and is affected not only by light, but also by
magnetic fields?

A

Pineal

28
Q

Name three symptoms that might indicate

decreased HCl production.

A
  1. Gas
  2. Bloating
  3. Discomfort after rich meals
29
Q

What is fasting best used for?

A

a means of transformation to enhance the potential for change in habits and lifestyle during the
reevaluation and detoxification period. Resting from foods and letting the body process what is already
stored is the perfect balance to the typical excessive and congestive way of eating.

30
Q

Name 3 important functions of protein.

A
  1. Growth and Maintenance
  2. Energy
  3. Building Important Substances - Enzymes, Hemoglobin, Hormones, Antibodies.
31
Q

Name three natural ways to increase HDL levels.

A
  1. Getting more exercise
  2. Increasing our intake of dietary fiber
  3. Increasing our intake of plant foods, especially vegetables
32
Q

Under which circumstance are digestive enzymes not recommended?

A

when there is inflammation of the stomach lining.

33
Q

Explain why it is especially important for the digestive tract linings to be well protected when we
detoxify.

A

Because the detox process means mobilizing toxins and many of these will need to pass through our
intestines. A weakened intestinal lining would be at great risk for damage.

34
Q

Explain how proteins can help normalize the body’s acid - alkaline balance.

Proteins can help normalize the acid-alkaline balance by

A

acting like buffers.

35
Q

When are iron supplements strongly recommended?

A

When there are increased requirements, as with teenagers, most women, especially with heavy or long
menstrual flow and definitely duringpregnancy and lactation, when iron needs may triple.

36
Q

Glandular adrenal formulas are often suggested for which types of people?

A

Adrenal glandulars are often suggested for people who experience fatigue, stress, environmental
sensitivities or allergies, infections and hypoglycemia.

37
Q

Some clients prefer not to supplement with HCl to assist their digestion. What are some of the other
ways to correct low stomach acid?

A

Most people can correct low stomach acid by eating a balanced diet of wholesome foods and by
reducing the daily stress level. Niacin (Vit B3) stimulates Hal production. This can be taken before
meals, as can magnesium chloride and pyridoxal-5-phosphate (the active form of Vit B6) to help
stimulate the body’s own HCl. With some success, Dr. Hass has suggested drinking the juice of half of a
lemon squeezed in water or 1 teaspoon of apple cider vinegar in a glass of warm water 20 to 30 minutes
before meals. Rosemary, ginger, cumin, or orange peel used to make tea and ingested before meals can
also be helpful.

38
Q

Extra vitamin B2 (riboflavin) has been shown to:

A

increase resistance to fatigue, particularly with

exercise.

39
Q

Magnesium and potassium deficiency is a common cause of

A

low energy because they support proper

cell respiration and energy production.

40
Q

Polyunsaturated fats tend to

A

lower total cholesterol but may likewise lower the good HDL’s.

41
Q

Which one of the following nutrients is often low in the elderly, which can lead to poor vision, dry
skin, and weakened immunity? –

A

Vitamin A

42
Q

The following condition is associated with the loss of bone minerals, density, and bone strength, and
a common problem of menopausal women?

A

Osteoperosis

43
Q

Indicate the two main diseases related to toxicity. –

A

Cancer and cardiovascular disease

44
Q

When supporting, bone health why is it a good idea to squeeze a little lemon or vinegar, like apple
cider or balsamic, over green leafy vegetables?

A
  • because calcium is best absorbed in an acidic medium.
45
Q

Explain why cell membrane integrity is essential in preventing the beginnings of a viral infection.

A

Because viruses usually spread in the body by first getting inside the cells, where they can use cellular
mechanisms to grow and multiply and then they explode the cell, releasing thousands of viruses into the blood or tissue.

46
Q

Explain why colon cleansing is one of the most important parts of detoxification.

A
  • because the large intestine releases many toxins, and sluggish function of this organ can rapidly
    produce general toxicity.
47
Q

Explain how improved digestion and better assimilation of nutrients enhance weight loss.

A
  • Poor breakdown of foods allows poor cell nutrition, which can lead to cravings and overeating.
    Adequate production (or replacement) of hydrochloric acid and digestive enzymes from the pancreas
    may help (digestion). Water and fiber support good colon function (assimilation), which is helpful to
    detoxification and reducing food cravings.
48
Q

Explain why the following nutrient pairs are important for immune enhancement: vitamin A and zinc,

A
  • Vitamin A and Zinc are needed for cellular immunity, increasing T cell activity and the function of
    phagocytic white blood cells - Both are important to tissue healing.
49
Q

Explain why the following nutrient pairs are important for immune enhancement: vitamin E and selenium.

A

-Vitamin E and Selenium - Selenium (as sodium selenite) and vitamin E (as a natural mixed tocopherols) stimulate antibody production and strengthen cellular immunity.

50
Q

List 3 factors that influence the intensity of menopausal symptoms.

A
  • A poor diet, emotional stress and lack of exercise may lead to an increase in symptoms.
51
Q

List 3 conditions that can arise from premature feeding of solid foods during infancy.

A
  • poor digestion, increased allergy, other immune problems and obesity.
52
Q

Name 3 common vitamin deficiencies that occur in the elderly and how they can affect the body.

A

Vitamin A deficiency - can lead to poor vision, dry skin and weakened immunity.
Thiamin (Vit B1) / Riboflavin (Vit B2) deficiency - may affect the skin and energy levels.
Vit C deficiency - poor tissue health, healing abilities and disease resistance.

53
Q

Name 3 risk factors that may directly or indirectly contribute to the development of Alzheimer’s
Disease.

A

(Breakdown of the myelin sheath that serves as the outer wrapping around the nerves - factors)

  1. High cholesterol levels
  2. Aluminum exposure
  3. Cigarette smoking
54
Q

Give four examples of sulfur-containing vegetables that have cancer-preventing properties.

A
  1. Broccoli
  2. Brussel Sprouts
  3. Kale
  4. Onion
55
Q

List the 4 new, science-based guidelines for food combining.

A
  1. Fruits are eaten by themselves or with other fruits.
  2. Proteins and starches are not eaten together.
  3. Combine protein and vegetables or starches and vegetables.
  4. Do not eat more than one protein per meal.
56
Q

Explain how digestion, and more specifically the stomach and the pancreas, are affected by stress.

A
  • Stress initially increases stomach hydrochloric acid production, leading to indigestion, heartburn,
    gastritis, and ulcer problems. With increased acid levels, however, the pancreas is stimulated to release
    alkaline enzymes to help balance the acidity. With chronic stress, this can lead to hypochlorhydria (low
    stomach acid) and reduced function of the pancreas. This may result in poor digestion and assimilation
    of nutrients and thus vitamin and mineral deficiencies - as well as the development of food reactions
    because of the improper breakdown of the bulk foodstuffs and the subsequent absorption of larger
    molecules, which may be immunogenic.
57
Q

List the 5 categories or aspects of balance when trying to eat a balanced diet.

A
  1. Macronutrients. Proteins, fats and carbohydrates.
  2. Micronutrients. Vitamins, minerals, amino acids, fatty acids and phytonutrients.
  3. Food Groups. Fruits, vegetables, grains, legumes, nuts, seeds, dairy products, eggs, fish, poultry and
    meats.
  4. Flavours and Colours. Sour, bitter, sweet, spicy, and salty; red, orange, yellow, green, blue and
    purple.
  5. Acid-alkaline. Acid-forming and alkalizing foods.
58
Q

List 5 recommendations to keep blood pressure low with age and to minimize the atherosclerotic
process.

A
  1. Eat a diet low in saturated and hydrogenated fats, cholesterol, salt, and processed, refined foods
    (both fats and sugars).
  2. Eat high-fiber foods.
  3. Eat plenty of whole grains, fruits and vegetables.
  4. Exercise or have a regular, active lifestyle, especially including walking.
  5. Keep body fat low

RHN final exam (12 decks)

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