Anatomy and Physiology

Question 1

The Parasympathetic (rest and digest) division is most active when

Answer 1

the body is at rest and not

threatened in any way.

Question 2

The sympathetic (fight or flight) division is most active when

Answer 2

we are excited or find ourselves in

emergency or threatening situations.

Question 3

How many processes summarize the overview of the gastrointestinal activities?

Answer 3

6
1. Ingestion
2. Propulsion (squeezing the food along the digestive tract)
3. Food breakdown (mechanical) – chewing of food and churning in stomach and segmentation in the
small intestine.
4. Food breakdown (digestion) – where large food molecules are chemically broken down to their
building blocks by enzymes (protein molecules that act as catalysts).
5. Absorption – transport of digestive end products from the lumen of the digestive tract to the blood
or lymph. Small intestine is the major absorptive site.
6. Defecation

Question 4

The function of the lymphatic system includes:

Answer 4

Returning leaked plasma to the blood vessels after

cleaning it of bacteria

Question 5

Kidney inflammation, is also known as

Answer 5

pyelonephritis

Question 6

The following organ systems is responsible for picking up fluid leaked from blood vessels and
returning it to the blood:

Answer 6

Lymphatic

Question 7

Homeostasis describes the body

Answer 7

as ability to maintain a relatively stable internal condition

Question 8

When blood becomes too acidic and the breath takes on a fruity odor this is called ?

Answer 8

acidosis or

ketoacidosis.

Question 9

The innate and adaptive defense systems collectively make up the?

Answer 9

immune system.

Question 10

Sweat glands are found in which glandular system:

Answer 10

exocrine system

Question 11

The small intestine is comprised of three subsections:

Answer 11

the duodenum, jejunum and ileum.

Question 12

For blood to become very acidic (ketosis) what must happen?

Answer 12

Large amounts of fat (instead of sugars) are used for energy

Question 13

After a carbohydrate-rich meal glucose molecules are removed from the blood and combined to
form ?

Answer 13

glycogen which is stored in the liver.

Question 14

The study of the structure and shape of the body and its parts and their relationships to one another
is defined as:

Answer 14

anatomy

Question 15

Most nutrients are absorbed in the small intestine, through the intestinal cell plasma membranes, by
the process of:

Answer 15

active transport

Question 16

The sympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system mobilizes the body during

Answer 16

extreme situations (such as fear, exercise or rage).

Question 17

What are the 6 levels of structural organization of the human body in order of increasing
complexity?

Answer 17

chemical, cellular, tissue, organ, organ system, organismal

Question 18

What cannot be broken down by bodily enzymes?

Answer 18

Cellulose

Question 19

In external respiration, gas exchanges are occurring Between

Answer 19

the blood and body exterior

Question 20

A possible cause of glucose as a urinary constituent is

Answer 20

Excessive intake of sugary foods

Question 21

Hormones are

Answer 21

chemical substances that are secreted by the endocrine cells and regulate the
metabolic activity of other cells in the body.

Question 22

The major endocrine organs of the body tend to lie near

Answer 22

the midline of the body

They include the pituitary, pineal, thyroid, parathyroid, thymus, adrenal glands, pancreas, gonads

Question 23

The gallbladder is a small, thin-walled green sac found in

Answer 23

the inferior surface of the Liver.

Question 24

The alimentary canal is also called the

Answer 24

Gastrointestinal tract.