Fundamentals Flashcards
Why did Spanish wines transform in mid 19th century?
Phylloxera in france brought many French winemakers bringing new techniques and machinery and methods
What three things that can be permitted to include on the label of Vino/Wine category (formerly Vino de Mesa, Table wine)?
- Country of origin
- Grape variety
- Harvest year
True or False
The Moors are credited with development of sherry
True
Moors introduced distillation to Andalucia in the 8th century
True or False
Vino de Pago (VP) wineries belong to Grandes Pagos de Espana
False
Gandes Pagos de Espana is a volunteer organizaion of approximately 30 wineries from throughout Spain
Which year a Royal Decree defined the origin of Rioja wines?
1902
Which DO is exclusively dedicated to Vino Dulce?
DO Malaga - Moscatel base Vino Dulces
True or False
Each Vino de Pago (VP) can set its own rules
True
Including authorized grapes, viticulture, vinification, and aging methods
?For solera what is the maximum of finsihed sherry bottled?
No more than 33%
What is “girasol”?
A mechanized riddleing device developed in Spain
What is “Tinajas”?
Clay jar where fermentation of grape must took place traditionally
Which wine region in Spain led the qualitative change in wine?
Rioja
Which four wine regions in Spain are now experimenting with Vino Dulce production?
- Ribeiro
- Rioja
- Cataluna
- Islas Baleares
What three items Spanish producers may include on their wine label in addtion to the EU requirements?
- Wine name
- Vintage year
- Aging classification if applicable
In which year a Consejo Regulador was created in Rioja to help control the use of name “Rioja” on bottles?
1926
What is referred to the following terms:
* Noble
* Anejo
* Viejo?
Aging system terms:
Noble
Anejo (Mature)
Viejo (Old)
18, 24 and 36 months repectively
True or False
For DO designation, the production area must have been recognized as a quality area for a minimum of 5 years
True
List DOP category in Spain
- DOCa/DOQ
- DO
- VC
- VP
Define Vinos Generosos
Fortified wine (sherry)
What is the barrel capacity for sherry maturation?
600 l
What are the six items that must be present on wine label within EU?
- Name of quality wine designation (PDO or DOCa/DOQ, DO, VC. VPCA/VPQ, VP); PGI/IGP or VT
- Name of the reigon/appellation
- Actual alcoholic strength by volume
- Country of origin
- Name of the bottler/producer (importer)
- Volume
What is “Mutage”?
Process of adding spirit to must to obtain sweet wine
What are the three requirements of DOCa/DOQ wines beyond the DO requirements?
- DO status for a minimum of 10 years
- Wine must be produced and bottled within the region
- Wines must cost at least double that of the national average for DO wines
What is the minimum aging for sherry?
2 years in solera
In which year Spain established the Wine Stature which officially created Deonominacion de Origen/Denomination of Origin (DO) system?
1932
True or False
Navarra uses Moscatel to produce late harvest wines
True
How many years a region spend as a VC before applying for promotion to DOC status?
Vino de Calidad con Geogrpahica (VC) needs a minimum of 5 years
Define “licor de tiraje”
A mixture of yeast and sugar to initiate a second fermenation in vino espumoso made in traditional method
What are two requirements to quality for EU’s IGP/PGI?
- Production must take place exclusively to htat geographical region
- At least 85% of the grapes used must be sourced exclusively from the geographical area
What is “Destilado”?
A distilled wine usually made from the Airen grape from La Mancha used to fortify sherry
True or False
Vino de Pago (VP) designation is for a single vineyard
False
Single estate which has a unique soil or mesoclimate
Pago does mean Vineyard
What is Spain’s equivalent of EU IGP/PGI designation?
Vino de la Terra
Name three grapes authorzied for sherry
- Palomino
- Pedro Ximenez
- Moscatel
When, where and by whom the first vines were cultivated in Spain and what style?
- 3000 years ago
- Andalucia
- Phonecians
- Sweet wines
What is the minimum time the bottles of Cava to be aged in the bottles after the fermenation?
9 months
Describe Fondillon
Made from overripe Monastrell grapes that almost turn to raisins on vine
Aged minimum of 10 years in solera
Hails from DO Alicante
Name four largest autonominous regions by size
- Castille y Ledon
- Andalucia
- Castille La Mancha
- Aragon