Fundamental Movements

Question 0

Frontal plane fundamental movements

•6

Answer 0

Abduction, adduction, elevation, depression, inversion, and eversion • all occur on the anteroposterior axis of rotation

Question 1

Sagittal plane fundamental movements •4

Answer 1

Flexion, extension, dorsiflextion, and plantarflexion • all occur on the mediolateral axis of rotation)

Question 2

Transverse plane fundamental movements •5

Answer 2

Rotation, pronation, supination, horizontal flexion (adduction), and horizontal extension (abduction) • all occur on the longitudinal axis of rotation

Question 3

Multiplanar fundamental movements

Answer 3

Circumduction and opposition

Question 4

Flexion

Answer 4

Decreasing the angle between two joints

Question 5

Extension

Answer 5

Increasing the angle between two joints

Question 6

Dorsiflexion

Answer 6

Moving the top of the foot toward the shin (only at the ankle joint)

Question 7

Plantarflexion

Answer 7

Moving the sole of the foot downward (only at the ankle joint)

Question 8

Abduction

Answer 8

Moving away from the midline of the body or part

Question 9

Adduction

Answer 9

Moving toward the midline of the body or part

Question 10

Elevation

Answer 10

Moving to a superior position (only at the scapula)

Question 11

Depression

Answer 11

Moving to an inferior position (only at the scapula)

Question 12

Inversion

Answer 12

Lifting the medial border of the foot (only at the subtalar joint)

Question 13

Eversion

Answer 13

Lifting the lateral border of the foot (only at the subtalar joint)

Question 14

Rotation

Answer 14

Internal or external turning about the vertical axis of bone

Question 15

Pronation

Answer 15

Rotating the hand and wrist medially from the elbow

Question 16

Supination

Answer 16

Rotating the hand and wrist laterally from the elbow

Question 17

Horizontal flexion (adduction)

Answer 17

From a 90° abducted arm position, the humerus is flexed in toward the midline of the body

Question 18

Horizontal extension (abduction)

Answer 18

The return of the humerus from horizontal flexion

Question 19

Circumduction

Answer 19

Motion that describes a cone; combination of flexion, extension, abduction, and adduction in sequence

Question 20

Opposition

Answer 20

Thumb movement unique to humans and primates

Question 21

Mediolateral axis

Answer 21

The axis of rotation for movements in the sagittal plane

Question 22

Anteroposterior axis

Answer 22

The axis of rotation for movements in the frontal plane

Question 23

Longitudinal axis

Answer 23

The axis of rotation for movements in the transverse plane plane