functional food lecture 16-17

Question 1

Bioactive lipids

Answer 1

Provide health benefits through modification of tissue fatty acid composition or induction of cell signalling pathways

Question 2

types of bioactive lipids

Answer 2

phytosterols/stanol
polyunsaturated fatty acids
short,medium, long chain fatty acids
Diacylglycerols
Phospholipids

Question 3

Polyunsaturated fatty acids

Answer 3

involved in biosynthesis of cellular hormones (eicosanoids) and other signaling compounds.
Omega-3: a linolenic acid
Omega- 6: linolenic acid

Question 4

three main omega-3 fatty As

Answer 4

Alpha-linolenic acid (ALA)
Eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA)
Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA)

Question 5

Apoliopoprotein B

Answer 5

protein involved in the metabolism of lipids and is the main protein constituent of lipoproteins such as LDL

Question 6

conjugate linoleic acid(CLA)(omega 6)

Answer 6

polyunsaturated fatty acids that are naturally found in ruminant animal food products.

CLA is an essential fatty acid which can be found at low levels in dairy fat (milk, cheese) & ruminant meat

CLA is formed as a result of rumen gut microbial metabolism of dietary linoleic acid (omega 6)

Question 7

what is a papilloma

Answer 7

a benign epithelial tumour growing exophytically

Question 8

CLA potential mechanisms

Answer 8

induces apoptosis in tumour cells
exhibits anti-agiogenic, antioxidant and altered arachidonic acid metabolism
shown to reduce proliferation

Question 9

CLA effects on body composition

Answer 9

CLA supplements contain an equal proportion of 9,11 CLA and 10,12 CLA the effects of supplementation on body energetics can be dramatically different natural CLA.

The active CLA isomer is responsible for reducing adiposity was trans10, cis12 CLA
- shown to have fat lowering action
-enhances B oxidation of FAs in adipose tissue
-enhances energy expenditure