Functional food Lecture 1-5 Flashcards
What are Hippocrates quotes?
‘Let food be thy medicine’
‘An apple a day keeps the doctor away’
What are the terms related to functional foods?
Nutraceuticals
Pharmaconutrient
Pharmabiotic
Foodiceuticals
Medifoods
Vitafoods
Designer foods
Fortified foods
Legislative functional food category in Japan?
FOSHU (Foods For Specified Health Use)
3 conditions that define a functional food in Japan
1: It is a food.
2: it can and should be consumed as part of the daily diet.
3: Regulates a particular body process
A highly bioactive extract from brown seaweed and its effects?
Fuciodan - Anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, digestive health
What is microbe mom?
collaboration between Alimentary Health, Teagasc, UCC, UCD and NIBRT. Investigating the most likely methods of transfer of bifidobacteria strains from mother to baby. Impact of the mothers diet and health on her gut bacteria and what bacteria she transfers to her baby at birth. The impact of specific probiotic supplements on the mothers health
Functional foods regulation Europe
EFSA/FSAI
Functional foods regulation USA
FDA
Eu regulation
food regulation is aimed at protecting consumers health, increasing economic viability, harmonizing well-being and engendering fair trade on foods within and between nations
Eu legislation for food claims and labelling
Nutrition and Health Claims Regulation 1924/2006
Food Information to Consumer (FIC) Regulation 1169/2011 on general food labelling
What is a Nutrition Claim?
States, suggests or implies that a food has a particular beneficial nutritional properties due to the energy, nutrients or other substances provided, not provided or provided in reduced/increased amounts EX: Low fat
What is a health claim?
States, suggests, or implies that a relationship exists between a food category, a food or one of its constituents and health EX: Aids digestion
Nutritional Claims images
Pictures on food packaging must not be misleading (strawberry yoghurt that is artificially flavoured and not from fruit and cant have pictures of strawberries on it.
Health claims cannot
claim to prevent, treat or cure diseases
Health claims 3 main categories:
- Article 13.1 -generic claims
- Article 13.5 -Newly developed scientific evidence
- Article 14 -Claims targeting children and disease risk reduction claims
Assessment of health claim EFSA
- The food/constituent is define and characterised
- The claimed effect is defined and is a beneficial phsyiological effect
- A cause and effect relationship is established.
US regulation health claims
- Nutrition labelling and education act, 1990
- Dietary supplement health and education act, 1994
Unqualified health claims FDA
must be supported by significant scientific agreement (SAA)
Qualified health claims
supported by scientific evidence but does not meet the SSA standard
Japan health claims regulations
Food with health claims, 2001
1. Food with nutrient function claims
2. Food or specified health uses 1991(functional food)
Ordinary FOSHU
Allowed to use labels that inform consumers who ingest the food for specific health purposes that their purpose may be achieved by consuming the product
Qualified FOSHU
allow health claims with some conditions (qualified) under the FOSHU system that do not have sufficient scientific evidence.
Standardized FOSHU
these are FOSHU for which a license/approval is granted on the basis of compliance with the separately prescribed standards
Reduction of diease-risk FOSHU
a FOSHU with a label containing any indication of a reduction of risks of developing certain diseases. calcium and folic acid require this
Functional component
functional foods that naturally contain a component that offers additional benefits to the consumer
Functional ingredient
functional foods that are processed in which a component is added to the food to give it additional benefits
Why is tomatoes a functional food
Contains Lycopene associated with a decreased risk of prostate cancer
why is citrus a functional food
Contains Flavanone associated with a decreased risk of certain cancers
why are soy based foods a functional food
isoflavanone associated with lowering LDL and increasing HDL
Why is cranberry a functional food
contains proanthocyanidins which reduces the risk of UTIs
Why is fatty fish a functional food
contains omega 3 reduces the risk of CVD
why is wholegrain food a functional food
contains fibre reduces risk of CVD and cancer
Fortified functional food
The addition of one or more nutrients into a food.
Food is fortified with additional nutrients
Juice fortified with Vit C
Enriched fortified food
The addition of one or more nutrients that were lost during food processing or a food with new added nutrients or components not normally found in a particular food.
Margarine with plant sterol ester.
Enhanced fortified food
The addition of one or more nutrients into a food by modification or indirect methods.
A food which is one of the components has been naturally enhanced through special growing.
Eggs enriched with omega 3 through altered chicken feed.
Synthetic/ recombinant functional components
Nutrients that are synthesized either through a chemical process or microbial fermentation or both to supplement the essential nutrients with insufficient resources from natural food diets
Synthetic vitamins
Coalbumin (Vit B12)
Thiamin (Vit B1)
Riboflavin
Niacin
Biotin
Folate
Functional foods (ingredients) can be classified by:
Traditional (natural)/ Non-traditional
Types
Applications
Health benefits
