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Functional foods and health > Functional food Lecture 1-5 > Flashcards

Functional food Lecture 1-5 Flashcards

1
Q

What are Hippocrates quotes?

A

‘Let food be thy medicine’
‘An apple a day keeps the doctor away’

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2
Q

What are the terms related to functional foods?

A

Nutraceuticals
Pharmaconutrient
Pharmabiotic
Foodiceuticals
Medifoods
Vitafoods
Designer foods
Fortified foods

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3
Q

Legislative functional food category in Japan?

A

FOSHU (Foods For Specified Health Use)

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4
Q

3 conditions that define a functional food in Japan

A

1: It is a food.
2: it can and should be consumed as part of the daily diet.
3: Regulates a particular body process

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5
Q

A highly bioactive extract from brown seaweed and its effects?

A

Fuciodan - Anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, digestive health

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6
Q

What is microbe mom?

A

collaboration between Alimentary Health, Teagasc, UCC, UCD and NIBRT. Investigating the most likely methods of transfer of bifidobacteria strains from mother to baby. Impact of the mothers diet and health on her gut bacteria and what bacteria she transfers to her baby at birth. The impact of specific probiotic supplements on the mothers health

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7
Q

Functional foods regulation Europe

A

EFSA/FSAI

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8
Q

Functional foods regulation USA

A

FDA

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9
Q

Eu regulation

A

food regulation is aimed at protecting consumers health, increasing economic viability, harmonizing well-being and engendering fair trade on foods within and between nations

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10
Q

Eu legislation for food claims and labelling

A

Nutrition and Health Claims Regulation 1924/2006
Food Information to Consumer (FIC) Regulation 1169/2011 on general food labelling

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11
Q

What is a Nutrition Claim?

A

States, suggests or implies that a food has a particular beneficial nutritional properties due to the energy, nutrients or other substances provided, not provided or provided in reduced/increased amounts EX: Low fat

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12
Q

What is a health claim?

A

States, suggests, or implies that a relationship exists between a food category, a food or one of its constituents and health EX: Aids digestion

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13
Q

Nutritional Claims images

A

Pictures on food packaging must not be misleading (strawberry yoghurt that is artificially flavoured and not from fruit and cant have pictures of strawberries on it.

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14
Q

Health claims cannot

A

claim to prevent, treat or cure diseases

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15
Q

Health claims 3 main categories:

A
  • Article 13.1 -generic claims
  • Article 13.5 -Newly developed scientific evidence
  • Article 14 -Claims targeting children and disease risk reduction claims
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16
Q

Assessment of health claim EFSA

A
  1. The food/constituent is define and characterised
  2. The claimed effect is defined and is a beneficial phsyiological effect
  3. A cause and effect relationship is established.
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17
Q

US regulation health claims

A
  • Nutrition labelling and education act, 1990
  • Dietary supplement health and education act, 1994
18
Q

Unqualified health claims FDA

A

must be supported by significant scientific agreement (SAA)

19
Q

Qualified health claims

A

supported by scientific evidence but does not meet the SSA standard

20
Q

Japan health claims regulations

A

Food with health claims, 2001
1. Food with nutrient function claims
2. Food or specified health uses 1991(functional food)

21
Q
A
22
Q

Ordinary FOSHU

A

Allowed to use labels that inform consumers who ingest the food for specific health purposes that their purpose may be achieved by consuming the product

23
Q

Qualified FOSHU

A

allow health claims with some conditions (qualified) under the FOSHU system that do not have sufficient scientific evidence.

24
Q

Standardized FOSHU

A

these are FOSHU for which a license/approval is granted on the basis of compliance with the separately prescribed standards

25
Q

Reduction of diease-risk FOSHU

A

a FOSHU with a label containing any indication of a reduction of risks of developing certain diseases. calcium and folic acid require this

26
Q

Functional component

A

functional foods that naturally contain a component that offers additional benefits to the consumer

27
Q

Functional ingredient

A

functional foods that are processed in which a component is added to the food to give it additional benefits

28
Q

Why is tomatoes a functional food

A

Contains Lycopene associated with a decreased risk of prostate cancer

29
Q

why is citrus a functional food

A

Contains Flavanone associated with a decreased risk of certain cancers

30
Q

why are soy based foods a functional food

A

isoflavanone associated with lowering LDL and increasing HDL

31
Q

Why is cranberry a functional food

A

contains proanthocyanidins which reduces the risk of UTIs

32
Q

Why is fatty fish a functional food

A

contains omega 3 reduces the risk of CVD

33
Q

why is wholegrain food a functional food

A

contains fibre reduces risk of CVD and cancer

34
Q

Fortified functional food

A

The addition of one or more nutrients into a food.
Food is fortified with additional nutrients
Juice fortified with Vit C

35
Q

Enriched fortified food

A

The addition of one or more nutrients that were lost during food processing or a food with new added nutrients or components not normally found in a particular food.
Margarine with plant sterol ester.

36
Q

Enhanced fortified food

A

The addition of one or more nutrients into a food by modification or indirect methods.
A food which is one of the components has been naturally enhanced through special growing.
Eggs enriched with omega 3 through altered chicken feed.

37
Q

Synthetic/ recombinant functional components

A

Nutrients that are synthesized either through a chemical process or microbial fermentation or both to supplement the essential nutrients with insufficient resources from natural food diets

38
Q

Synthetic vitamins

A

Coalbumin (Vit B12)
Thiamin (Vit B1)
Riboflavin
Niacin
Biotin
Folate

39
Q

Functional foods (ingredients) can be classified by:

A

Traditional (natural)/ Non-traditional
Types
Applications
Health benefits

40
Q
A

Functional foods and health (9 decks)

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