Functional dyspepsia and IBS

Question 1

What is IBS?

Answer 1

Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a chronic condition characterised by abdominal pain associated with bowel dysfunction.

Question 2

What is Functional dyspepsia (FD)?

Answer 2

Functional dyspepsia (FD) is a chronic disorder of sensation and movement (peristalsis) in the upper digestive tract.

Question 3

What are IBS and FD both classed as?

Answer 3

Functional Gastrointestinal Diseases

Question 4

What is the epidemiology of IBS (and similarly FD)?

Answer 4

US- 10-15% of adults have it

Slight predominance of females

Question 5

What are the Risk Factors for IBS/ FD?

Answer 5

> Physical and Sexual abuse
> Age under 50
> Being female
> Previous enteric infection
> Family and Job stress

Question 6

What are the signs and symptoms of IBS?

Answer 6

Abdominal discomfort
Alteration of bowel habits and pain
Abdominal bloating
Normal abdo exam
Mucus in stool

Question 7

What investigations may you do for IBS?

Answer 7

Rule out inflammatory/ immube diseases:
> Scoping
> Anti tTG Ab (coeliac)
> AXR
> Faecal calprotectin

Rule out infection:
> FBC
> Stool studies
> Scopes

Rockall IBS scoring may help with diagnosis

Question 8

What is the treatment of IBS/ FD?

Answer 8

> Diet and lifestyle modifications
> Laxatives or lubiprostone
> Antispasmodics
> Loperamide
> SSRI/ TCA
> CBT

Question 9

What are the complications of these diseases?

Answer 9

Diverticulosis

Damage to family and work relationships

Question 10

How is prognosis for IBS?

Answer 10

Patients with IBS have an excellent prognosis in the sense that they have a normal life expectancy, and there are no long-term complications of their disease. However, the symptoms of the disease do tend to recur for much of adulthood, particularly at times of stress or emotional difficulty or dietary indiscretions.