Fuels

Question 1

Fractional Distillation of Petroleum

Please Provide Nine Kit-kats During Lunch Breaks

Answer 1

Petroleum gas
Petrol
Naphtha
Kerosene
Diesel oil
Lubricating oil
Bitumen

Question 2

Use of petroleum gas

Answer 2

Cooking and heating

Question 3

Use of petrol

Answer 3

Fuel for vehicles

Question 4

Use of naphtha

Answer 4

feedstock (raw material) for the petrochemical industry

Question 5

Use of kerosene

Answer 5

Fuel for aircraft engine, cooking and heating

Question 6

Use of diesel oil

Answer 6

Fuel for engines in buses, lorries and trains

Question 7

Use of lubricating oil

Answer 7

For lubricating machines; making wax and polish

Question 8

Bitumen

Answer 8

For paving road surfaces and roofing

Question 9

What is a hydrocarbon?

Answer 9

Hydrocarbons are organic compounds
containing ONLY carbon and hydrogen.

Question 10

Describe how petroleum fractions are separated by
fractional distillation.

Answer 10

Crude oil is heated and separated
according to the different boiling points in the fractionating column.

The fractions/molecules with the lowest boiling point will be distilled off first at the top.

While those with highest boiling point
will be distilled off last at the bottom.

Question 11

Give 3 general properties of
a homologous series

Answer 11

A homologous series is a group of
organic compounds with

1. The same general formula
2. The same functional group
3. Similar chemical properties
4. Show a gradual change in their
   physical properties.

Question 12

Describe how the physical properties change with an increase in molecular size in a homologous series.

Answer 12

As the number of carbon atoms
increase, their boiling point and viscosity increased, while their
flammability decreases