Acids and Bases

Question 1

Acids

Answer 1

Turns damp blue litmus paper red

Can conduct electricity in aqueous state

Properties due to H+
ions present

Question 2

Alkali

Answer 2

Turns damp red litmus paper blue

Can conduct electricity in aqueous state

Properties due to OH- ions present

Question 3

MASH rxn

Answer 3

Acid + Metal→ Salt + H2

Not all metals can react! Copper & Silver
cannot!

Hydrogen gas gives a ‘pop’ sound with a
lighted splint

Question 4

Acid + Base/Alkali → Salt + H2O

Answer 4

Neutralisation reaction

Ionic Equation for Neutralisation:
H+ + OH- → H2O

Question 5

Acid + Carbonate → Salt + H2O + CO2

Answer 5

Carbon dioxide gives a white precipitate in
limewater.

Question 6

Alkali + Ammonium Salt→ Salt + H2O + NH3

Answer 6

Ammonia gas turns damp red litmus paper
blue

Question 7

Acid

Answer 7

xx acid

Question 8

Base/Alkali

Answer 8

xx hydroxide/oxide

Question 9

Carbonate

Answer 9

xx carbonate

Question 10

Ammonium Salt

Answer 10

ammonium
nitrate/chloride/sulfate

Question 11

Salt

Answer 11

xx nirate/choride/sulfate

Question 12

Red (1-2)

Answer 12

acidic; strong acid; HCl, HNO3, H2SO4

Question 13

Orange (3-4), Yellow (5-6)

Answer 13

acidic; weak acid; edible acids

Question 14

Green (7)

Answer 14

neutral; water, salts

Question 15

Blue (8-9); Indigo (10-12)

Answer 15

alkaline; weak alkali; aq. ammonia

Question 16

Violet (13-14)

Answer 16

alkaline; strong alkali; NaOH, Ca(OH)2

Question 17

Basic oxides

Answer 17

Metal oxides that react with acids

Question 18

Amphoteric oxides

Answer 18

Oxides of Lead,
Aluminium, Zinc, Tin
(ZALT) that can react with both acids and alkalis

Question 19

Neutral oxides

Answer 19

NO, CO, H2O; no reaction with acids and alkalis

Question 20

Acidic oxides

Answer 20

non-metal oxides that react with base/alkali

Question 21

Soil can get too acidic due to

Answer 21

acid rain, too much fertiliser

Question 22

How to neutralise soil?

Answer 22

add calcium hydroxide or skaled lime