Fruits Flashcards
Simple fruit
Developed from one flower
Examples of simple fruit
Drupes and pomes
Drupe
Almonds, coconuts and dates
Pome
Apple
What is a fleshy fruit with thin skin containing a central stone containing the seed?
Drupe
What has a central seed-containing core, surrounded by thick flesh?
Pomes
Seeds in stone fruits are also known as
stones, pits, or kernels
Is hydrogen cyanide poisonous?
Yes
Aggregate fruit
developed from several ovaries in one flower
What is an example of aggregate fruit?
Blackberries, raspberries, and strawberries
Multiple fruit
Develop from clusters of several flowers
Examples of multiple fruit
Pineapples and figs
Botanical fruits are usually treated as what?
Vegetables
Most fruits have a pH of less than what?
5
What organic acids contribute to tartness?
Citric and malic acid
immature fruit contains
protopectin
As fruit over-ripens enzymes convert pectin into what?
pectic acid
pectin is used commercially for?
The jelling of fruit preserves
What are 3 methods to lower enzymatic browning?
Denature enzymes, lower pH, lower the temp, add antioxidants, coat with sugar or water
Juice
100% fruit juice
Juice drink
less than 50% fruit juice
Nectar
Less than 30 % fruit juice
Ade
Less than 25% fruit juice
Extraction
juices are expelled
Clarification
Enzymes are added to degrade pectin and cellulose
Deaeration
entrapped air is removed
Pasteurization
High heat
Concen
Blending, Flavoring, carbonating
Climacteric fruits experience an ________ phase of respiratory rate right before becoming fully ripe
increased
Non- climacteric fruits respire at the same or lower ____ after harvest
rate
Climacteric fruits are harvested before fully ripened. True or False
True
Non-climacteric fruits are harvested _____ fully ripen.
After
Once fruit is ripe store in _____.
Fridge
Some fresh produce natural ____.
wax
Waxing helps:
To resist moisture loss and enhance fruit firmness
Veggie wash consists of:
Mostly oils to get rid of fat-soluble compounds