Fromm Flashcards
Humanity’s separation from the natural world has produced feelings of loneliness and isolation
basic anxiety
Become separate from nature and yet have the capacity to be aware of themselves as isolated beings
human dilemma
The human dilemma can only be solved through …
fulfilling our human needs
Is the only relatedness need that can solve our basic human dilemma.
love
Love comprises…
care, responsibility, respect and knowledge
Urge to rise above a passive and accidental existence into the realm of purposefulness and freedom
Transcendence
To kill for reasons other than survival
Malignant aggression
The need to establish roots and to feel at home again in the world
Rootedneess
An awareness of ourselves as a separate person
Sense of identity
A roadmap to make way through the world
Frame of orientation
Results from humans being torn from nature yet remaining in the world with the same physical limitations as other animals.
The Burden of Freedom
3 Mechanisms of Escape
- authoritarianism
- destructiveness
- conformity
Tendency to give up one’s independence and to unite with a powerful partner
Authoritarianism
Aimed at doing away with other people
Destructiveness
Surrending one’s individuality in order to meet the wishes of others
Conformity
The human dilemma can only be solved through ___.
Positive freedom
Relatively permanent way of relating to people and things; a substitute for instincts
Character orientations
People relate to the world through ____ and ____.
Assimilation and socialization
Source of all good lies outside themselves and only way to relate to the world is to receive things including love, knowledge and possessions
Receptive character
Source of all good lies outside of themselves also but they aggressively take what they want rather than passively receiving it
Exploitative character
Seek to save what they already obtained; live in the past
Hoarding character
See themselves as commodities and value themselves against the criterion of their ability to sell themselves; fewer positive traits than other orientations
Marketing character
What comprises a productive orientation?
work, love and thought
A belief that everything belonging to one’s self is of great value and anything belonging to others is worthless
Malignant narcissism
An extreme independence on one’s mother or mother surrogate
Incestuous symbiosis
Malignant narcissism: preoccupation with one’s health
Hypochondriasis
Malignant narcissism: preoccupation with guilt
Moral hypochondriasis
Possession of all 3 personality disorders
Syndrome of decay
Goal of Fromm’s therapy
to work toward satisfaction of the basic human needs; shared communication in which therapist is simply a human being rather than a scientist
Most common character orientation
Nonproductive Receptive type
2nd most common character orientation
productive hoarding type
3rd most common character orientation
nonproductive exploitative type
