Bandura Flashcards
Theory that states that humans have some limited ability to control their lives
Social cognitive theory
Humans have the flexibility to learn a variety of behaviors in diverse situations
Plasticiity
Holds that human functioning is molded by the reciprocal interaction of behavior, person variables, environmental events
Reciprocal determinism or triadic reciprocal causation model
Humans have the capacity to exercise control over the nature and quality of their lives
Agent perspective
Redefining behavior, disregard or distort the consequences of their behavior, dehumanize or blame victims of their behavior, displace or diffuse responsibility for their actions
Moral agency
Regulate behavior when people find themselves in ambiguous situations
Moral agency
Gives some consistency to personality by allowing people to observe and symbolize their own behavior and to evaluate it on the basis of anticipated future consequences
Self-system
The core or heart of observational learning
Modeling
Adding or subtracting from the observed behavior and generalizing from one observation to another
Modeling
4 processes that govern observational learning
- attention (observe individuals we frequently associate)
- representation (response patterns in memory)
- behavioral production (convert cognitive representations into appropriate actions)
- motivation (must be motivated to perform observed behavior)
Complex human behavior can be learned when people think about and evaluate the consequences of their behaviors
enactive learning (direct experience)
Usually the strongest contributor to performance
cognition
Unintended meeting of persons unfamiliar to each other
chance encounter
An environmental experience that is unexpected and unintended
Fortuitous event
Chance favors only the prepared mind
to remember
The essence of humanness
Human agency
An active process of exploring, manipulating, infuencing the environment; ability to oganize regulate and enact behaviors that they believe will produce desirable consequences
Human agency
4 core features of human agency
intentionality, foresight, self-reactiveness, self-reflectiveness
A proactive commitment to actions that may bring about desired outcomes
Intentionality
The ability to set goals, anticipate likely outcomes of their actions and to select behaviors that will produce desired outcomes and avoid undesirable
Forethought
People monitoring their progress toward fulfilling their choices
Self-reactiveness
Allows people to think about and evaluate their motives, values and life goals
Self-reflectiveness
The foundation of human agency
Self-efficacy
People’s beliefs in their capability to exercise some measure of control over their own functioning and over environmental events
self-efficacy
One’s prediction of the likely consequences of behavior
Outcome expectancy
Sources of self-efficacy
mastery experiences
social modeling
social persuasion
physical and emotional states
The most influential source of self-efficacy
mastery experiences
Able to rely on others for goods and services
proxy agency
People’s shared beliefs that they can bring about change
collective agency
By using reflective thought, humans can manipulate their environments and produce consequences of their actions, giving them some ability to regulate their own behavior
self-regulation
2 external factors of self-regulation
standards of evaluation
external reinforcement
Refers to the notion that self-regulatory influences are not automatic but operate only if activated. It also means that people react differently in different situations, depending on their evaluation of the situation
selective activation
People are capable of separating themselves from the negative consequences of their behavior; allow people to engage in inhumane behavior while retaining moral standards
Disengagement of internal control
Techniques of disengagement
redefine behavior
disregard/distort consequences of behavior
dehumanize or blame victims
displace or diffuse responsibility
People redefine behavior by
moral justifications palliative comparisons (compare behavior sa mga mas grabi pa) euphemistic labels (change moral tone of behavior, metaphors)
Is leaned through the mutual interaction of the person, the environment and behavioral factors (bad)
Dysfunctional behavior
Depression characteristics
self-observation (misjudge own performance)
Judgmental processes (set personal standards too high)
self-reaction (treat self badly for their faults)
Leaned thru direct experience, inappropriate generalization, observational experiences
Phobias
Acquired thru observation, direct with positive, negative reinforcements, training, bizarre beliefs (e.g. bobo doll experiment)
Aggression
Emphasizes cognitive mediation and self-regulation
Goal of bandura’s therapy
Characteristics of social cognitive therapy
overt or vicarious modeling (live performance of behavior) covert or cognitive modeling (visualize performing fearsome behaviors) enactive mastery (systematic desensitization)
Bandura sees humans as being relatively fluid and flexible. People can store past experiences and then use this information to chart future actions.
Concept of humanity
