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Freud Flashcards

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1
Q

This personality psychologist came up with a definition of personality…

A

Salvatore Maddi

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2
Q

Freud’s core structures are…

A

The id, ego, and superego

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3
Q

Freud’s core tendency is…

A

Libido

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4
Q

How many psychological stages are under Freud’s theory?

A

Five

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5
Q

What is psychosis?

A

When the id completely overpowers the ego

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6
Q

How does Freud define neuroses?

A

They are patterns of abnormal behavior related to an over-control of instincts; devote energy to controlling one’s own anxiety

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7
Q

What is a Freudian slip?

A

An unintentional error regarded as revealing one’s subconscious feelings

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8
Q

What are defense mechanisms used for?

A

They disguise your true meanings/wishes

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9
Q

True or false: While the Victorian era put a stop to discussions about impolite/disgusting human nature, Freud insisted on talking about these topics

A

True

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10
Q

What is the id?

A

“It wants what it wants” (child personality); it is beyond conscious awareness and comprises whatever is present at birth, including everything that relates to the satisfaction of physical drives, such as sex and hunger, or primitive psychological needs, such as for comfort and protection from danger

Primary process thinking (pleasure principle)

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11
Q

What is the ego?

A

Recognizes the consequences of our actions (adult personality); a coherent organization of mental processes that develops out of id energy; has access to consciousness, and is devoted to contacting reality for the purpose of satisfying id needs

Secondary process thinking (reality principle)

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12
Q

What is the superego?

A

The ego uses this to determine what the id should find acceptable or unacceptable; the representation of society in personality that incorporates the norms and standards of the surrounding culture

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13
Q

What does the libido work with?

A

It works with id; interested in maximizing pleasure

It also works with ego; interested in minimizing pain

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14
Q

The first direction that libido points us to is called __, which means pleasure.

A

Eros

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15
Q

The second direction that libido points us to is called __, which is self-destruction/death.

A

Thanatos

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16
Q

True or false: Freud believed that pursuing death (thanatos) was a form of pleasure (eros)

A

True. He believed that death was the end of pain of suffering, which suggested pleasure

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17
Q

True or false: Freud believed that living in civilization will make a person content/happy.

A

False

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18
Q

What is the first psychological stage? What is the approximate age? What is the conflict? What is the erotic focus?

A

Approximate age: 0 - 1 1/2 years old
Conflict: Delay of gratification
Erotic focus: Oral

During this stage, the organism’s psychic activity focuses on satisfying the needs of the mouth and digestive tract, including the tongue and lips.

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19
Q

What is the second psychological stage? What is the approximate age? What is the conflict? What is the erotic focus?

A

Approximate age: 1 1/2 - 3 years old
Conflict: Accepting discipline (from authority figures)
Erotic focus: Anal

During this stage, sexual gratification occurs when defecation relieves the tension of a full bowel. An important aspect is toilet training, during which child and parents are in interpersonal conflict.

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20
Q

What is the third psychological stage? What is the approximate age? What is the conflict? What is the erotic focus?

A

Approximate age: 3 - 5 years old
Conflict: Accepting social norms
Erotic focus: Phallic

During this stage, satisfaction is gained primarily by stimulation through masturbation. The phallic stage is dominated by the realization that boys have penises whereas girls do not.

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21
Q

What is the fourth psychological stage? What is the approximate age? What is the conflict? What is the erotic focus?

A

Approximate age: 5 - 12 years old
Conflict: Resolution of the Oedipal/Electra conflict
Erotic focus: Latent

During this stage, it is notable for its absence of a dominant erogenous zone and important events. Latency is a quiet period beginning around age six during which children repress their attraction to their parents and their other infantile urges.

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22
Q

What is the fifth psychological stage? What is the approximate age? What is the conflict? What is the erotic focus?

A

Approximate age: 12+ years old
Conflict: Adult sex role
Erotic focus: Genital

During this stage, individuals reach the period of mature sexual love that begins at puberty and includes directing both feelings of lust and of affection toward another person.

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23
Q

True or false: Freud believed that only certain children go through these stages.

A

False. He believed that all children go through these stages. He called them “genetic in origin.”

24
Q

Oral stage: What is the regressive behavior? What are the daily traits? What are the defense mechanisms?

A

Regressive behavior:

  • consume
  • self-deny

Daily traits:

  • optimism/pessimism
  • gullible/suspicious
  • passive/manipulative

Defense mechanisms:

  • denial
  • displacement
  • fantasy
  • projection
25
Q

Anal stage: What is the regressive behavior? What are the daily traits? What are the defense mechanisms?

A

Regressive behavior:

  • expulsive
  • retentive

Daily traits:

  • stingy/generous
  • stubborn/compliant
  • orderly/messy

Defense mechanisms:

  • intellectualization
  • reaction formation
  • undoing
26
Q

Phallic stage: What is the regressive behavior? What are the daily traits? What are the defense mechanisms?

A

Regressive behavior:

  • independence
  • dependence

Daily traits:

  • vanity/self hatred
  • pride/humility
  • stylish/plain
  • chaste/promiscuous

Defense mechanisms:
- Repression

27
Q

What is intellectualization?

A

Using intellect to control emotions/actions

28
Q

What is reaction-formation?

A

Manifests itself as the exact opposite of what you want to do

29
Q

What is undoing?

A

Always ends up as a positive thing/action (e.g. religion); displaying behavior designed to reverse the effects of the undesirable acts.

Ex: Forgive me for hitting you! Let me grovel at your feet, proclaim my undying love for you, and buy you flowers!

30
Q

What is repression?

A

When a person doesn’t have any memory of doing something or wanting something; a selective type of memory mode in which threatening material is unavailable for recall because it has been pressed down into the unconscious.

31
Q

What is displacement?

A

When you place your emotions from one thing to another

ex. When you are sexually attracted to someone outside of your romantic relationship, and then (while using that attraction) you come home to make love to your significant other

32
Q

What is sublimation?

A

Using an impulse to convey it into a creative outlet

33
Q

Which are the five aspects?

A
  1. Topographical
  2. Structural
  3. Economic
  4. Dynamic
  5. Genetic
34
Q

True or false: Freud believed that the amount of libido you have is not fixed and you can change it

A

False. He believes it is fixed and you cannot change it

35
Q

The dynamic aspect focuses on…

A

Where the libido is pushing you (eros)

36
Q

The topographical aspect focuses on…

A

The conscious, the pre-conscious, and the unconscious

In the pre-conscious (the unlocked storehouse), we are introduced to the counter-cathexis, which is the energy used by the ego to bind the primitive impulses of the id.

In the unconscious (the locked storehouse), we are introduced to the cathexis, which is the process of investment of mental or emotional energy in a person, object, or idea.

37
Q

Within the genetic aspect, Freud believed that…

A

Our personality was formed as due to natural forces

38
Q

Which are Freud’s meta-principles?

A
  1. Psychological determinism
  2. Importance of internal motivation
  3. Importance of unconscious
  4. Importance of childhood experience
39
Q

Psychological determinism

A

Every behavior has an underlined cause; a belief that nothing about human behavior occurs by accident or chance.

Ex: losing car keys before doctor appointment; you didn’t want to go to the appointment

40
Q

Importance of internal motivation

A

The reason you do something is because of internal reasons, not because of manipulation of the environment

41
Q

Importance of unconscious

A

You don’t realize why you do things

42
Q

Importance of childhood experience

A

Childhood gives rise to adult personality; “the child is the father of man”

43
Q

What is primary process?

A

A continual flow of infantile images and wishes that demand immediate and direct satisfaction

44
Q

What is the pleasure principle?

A

The achievement of pleasurable feelings as quickly and immediately as possible through the reduction of discomfort, pain, or tension.

45
Q

What is denial?

A

It allows us to avoid whatever is too hard to bear by refusing to think about it or otherwise address it.

46
Q

What is the morality principle?

A

A code that concerns society’s values regarding right and wrong.

47
Q

What is fixation?

A

The impairment of development at a particular stage because its satisfactions are frustrated, resulting in permanent investment of libidinal energy in the stage.

48
Q

What is the Oedipus complex?

A

The constellation of feelings, desires, and striving revolving around the boy’s desires for his mother and his fearful/hateful orientation to his father.

49
Q

What is the Electra complex?

A

For girls, involving love of father and hatred of mother

50
Q

Which psychological stage do the Oedipus and Electra complexes occur?

A

The third psychological stage; phallic stage

51
Q

In the phallic stage, Freud saw boys as experiencing _____ _____, a generalized fear that they might lose their male organs.

A

Castration anxiety

52
Q

Girls, Freud believed, displayed something called ____ ____, which are feelings of inferiority over not having the male organ and compensatory wishes to someday obtain one of their own.

A

Penis envy

53
Q

What is free association?

A

The person adopts a mental orientation that allows ideas, images, memories, and feelings to be expressed spontaneously.

54
Q

What is the manifest content of dreams?

A

What the dreamer remembers about the dream when awakened, is deceptive and should not be taken at face value.

55
Q

What is latent content?

A

The underlying meaning of each dream

56
Q

What is a dream symbol?

A

It is an element of dream content that represents some person, thing, or activity involved in unconscious processes. Freud believed that dream symbols can sometimes have common meanings for people in general.

Psychology (21 decks)

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