FRENCH EE 2025 - GRAMMAR RULES Flashcards

OVERVIEW OF IMPORTANT GRAMMAR POINTS

1
Q

Passer Composer - “avoir” VS “être”

A

Use avoir (most verbs) or être (movement/reflexives)

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2
Q

Passer Composer - Conditions for agreement?

A
  • With avoir, no agreement (except DO before verb)
  • With être, agrees with subject Elle est partie / Les livres que j’ai lus
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3
Q

DR MRS (VANDERTRAMP) verbs that go with être

A

Devenir To become Je suis devenu(e)
Revenir To come back Tu es revenu(e)
Monter To go up Il est monté
Rester To stay Elle est restée
Sortir To go out Nous sommes sortis

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4
Q

VANDER - Verbs that go with être

A

Venir To come Vous êtes venu(e)(s)
Aller To go Ils sont allés
Naître To be born Elle est née
Descendre To go down Nous sommes descendus
Entrer To enter Vous êtes entré(e)(s)
Retourner To return Elles sont retournées

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5
Q

TRAMP - Verbs that go with être

A

Tomber To fall Je suis tombé(e)
Rentrer To re-enter Tu es rentré(e)
Arriver To arrive Il est arrivé
Mourir To die Elle est morte
Partir To leave Nous sommes partis

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6
Q

Verbs That Use “Être” in Passé Composé - What are the agreement rules for DO.

A

If the subject is feminine, add -e (Elle est allée).
If the subject is plural, add -s (Ils sont partis).
If the subject is feminine plural, add -es (Elles sont arrivées).

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7
Q

Reflexive verbs - être or avoir?

A

être!

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8
Q

Reflexive verbs - List common ones and meanings

A

se lever - To get up - Je me suis levé(e)
se laver - To wash oneself - Tu t’es lavé(e)
s’habiller - To get dressed - Il s’est habillé
se reposer - To rest - Nous nous sommes reposés
se souvenir - To remember - Vous vous êtes souvenu(e)(s)
se promener - To take a walk - Elles se sont promenées

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9
Q

Reflexive verbs - Rules for agreement

A

Reflexive verbs - The past participle agrees with the subject, except when followed by a direct object (Elle s’est lavée vs. Elle s’est lavé les mains).

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10
Q

Retourner VS
Revenir

A

Retourner - to return to a different place
Revenir - to return to a place where someone origionally was.

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11
Q

Le montant” VS “Le Taux”

A

Le montant” refers to a total sum of money or a numerical value in absolute terms.
Use Cases:
The final price or cost of something
The amount of a transaction
The total of a payment, salary, fine, or tax
*Quel est le montant du loyer ce mois-ci *? → (What is the rent amount this month?)

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12
Q

“Le montant” VS “Le Taux

A

Le taux” refers to a relative measure, often expressed as a percentage (%) or proportion.
Interest rates (taux d’intérêt)
Tax rates (taux d’imposition)
Inflation rate (taux d’inflation)
Growth rate (taux de croissance)
Exchange rates (taux de change)
Unemployment rates (taux de chômage)

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13
Q

(TRANSLATE) The total amount of interest depends on the applied rate.

A

Le montant des intérêts dépend du taux appliqué

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14
Q

Utilisation du plus-que-parfait. Dans quels trois scénarios ?

A

**Exprimer une antériorité dans le passé
**Quand il est arrivé, j’avais déjà fini mon travail.
→ L’action “finir le travail” s’est produite avant “il est arrivé”.

**Hypothèse irréalisable (conditionnel passé + plus-que-parfait)
**Si j’avais su, je ne serais pas venu.
→ L’action de “savoir” ne s’est pas produite, donc l’autre action ne peut pas exister.

Exprimer une cause dans le passé
Il n’est pas venu parce qu’il avait perdu son téléphone.
→ La cause de son absence est “perdre son téléphone”, qui s’est produite avant.

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15
Q

Futur Antérieur - Use and Formation

A

1) To express an action that will have been completed before another future action or time reference.
2) To express assumptions about the past from a future perspective

Avoir or Être in Future Simple + Past Participle of the Main Verb

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