Free120

Question 1

What is the MOA of the aminoglycoside gentamicin?

Answer 1

binds 30S ribosomal protein

Question 2

Adminstration of Rh0(D) immune globin prevents?

Answer 2

formation of antibodies to RhD

Question 3

serum sickness is what type of HSR?

Answer 3

type III- immune complex deposition in tissues

Question 4

what is serum sickness symptoms?

Answer 4

type III HSR, 1-3 weeks after receiving meds containing proteins derived from animals.

-fever, lymphadenopathy, arthralgias, erythema on hands/feet

Question 5

contact dermatitis pathogenesis

Answer 5

CD28 on T lymphocytes react with CD80 on epidermal langerhan cells

Question 6

malonyl-coA directly inhibits what?

Answer 6

fatty acid oxidation

Question 7

what happens to the endothelial junctions in edema?

Answer 7

endothelial junctions will separate in response to injury/inflammation, allowing migration of WBCs to site of injury

Question 8

Pineal tumors can cause which impaired oculomotor function?

Answer 8

upward gaze

Question 9

unable to dorsiflex, which nerve is injured

Answer 9

common fibular (peroneal)

Question 10

fluid from an ectopic rupture will go where?

Answer 10

pouch of douglas

Question 11

what can be used for ankylosing spondylitis if NSAIDS and sulfasalazine is ineffective?

Answer 11

a drug that inhibits tumor necrosis factor-alpha

Question 12

jaundice caused by acetaminophen is due to?

Answer 12

decreased bilirubin conjugation

Question 13

what is seen in aspiration pneumonia?

Answer 13

elderly people, dullness in RLL field, arterial hypoxemia and decreased PCO2

fever, SOB, difficulty swallowing, chest pain, and cough

Question 14

what is a third degree AV block?

Answer 14

no relation between atrium (p) waves and QRS.

cannon a waves seen

fainting and fatigue and bradycardia

Question 15

southern blots can indicate which process?

Answer 15

gene rearrangment

Question 16

formula for absolute risk reduction

Answer 16

c/c+d - a/a+b

Question 17

in chronic HTN, what happens to the baroreceptor output?

Answer 17

it will decrease

Question 18

what is the virulence factor for clostridium perfingens (G+ rod)

Answer 18

alpha-toxin

Question 19

function of infraspinatus and teres minor

Answer 19

external rotation

Question 20

what is the omental bursa (lesser sac)?

Answer 20

space behind the stomach but in front of the retroperitoneal structures

Question 21

what is seen in myeloperoxidase def?

Answer 21

increase risk for Candida

Question 22

traits of herpes virus

Answer 22

enveloped dsDNA linear

Question 23

how is ascariasis transmitted?

Answer 23

ingestion of soil

Question 24

X linked diseases carrier depends on?

Answer 24

random X inactivation

Question 25

carbamazepine will effect which pharmacokinetic process?

Answer 25

metabolism; it is a CYP450 inducer

Question 26

below dentate line lymph node

Answer 26

superficial inguinal

Question 27

above dentate line lymph node

Answer 27

internal iliac

Question 28

infraorbital nerve function

Answer 28

sensation over the upper lip

Question 29

post exertional syncope can lead to

Answer 29

orthostatic hypotension

Question 30

ACE inhibitors can cause damage to what in fetuses?

Answer 30

renal damage

Question 31

aspirin induced asthma is due to the accumulation of

Answer 31

leukotrienes

Question 32

6-24 hours post meal is dominated by?

Answer 32

glycogenolysis in the liver

Question 33

s. pyogenese (group A strep) relationshop with bacitracin

Answer 33

killed by bacitracin GBS is resistant to bacitracin

Question 34

MOA of bisphosphates

Answer 34

decreased osteoclast activity

Question 35

95% confidence interval does not include 1 means

Answer 35

statistically significant overall increase in risk

Question 36

desmopressin activates what?

Answer 36

adenylyl cyclase

Question 37

RSV bronchiolitis enters the cell via

Answer 37

mediation of cell entry via a fusion protein

Question 38

albuterol MOA

Answer 38

beta-2 agonist, helps against wheezing

Question 39

lack of mediastinal shift means?

Answer 39

not under tension

Question 40

what is subacute combined degernation

Answer 40

progressive peripheral sensory and motor loss; late sign of B12 def

Question 41

galactosemia has increased levels of

Answer 41

galactose 1-phosphate

Question 42

treatment of yersenia pestis bubonic plague

Answer 42

aminoglycoside - binds to 30S ribosomal subunit

Question 43

what is seen in Cushing's syndrome

Answer 43

hypertension and muscle weakness

Question 44

what is the formula for 95% CI?

Answer 44

x +/- (1.96 x SE) x= mean SE= standard error

Question 45

type 2 diabetes will increase the risk for what vaginal infection?

Answer 45

candida: white discharge and pseudohyphae

Question 46

why is there an increase risk for bilirubin gallstones in sickle cell?

Answer 46

due to overload of unconjugated bilirubin

Question 47

what is seen in hypercholesterolemia?

Answer 47

accelerrated atherosclerosis (MIs before 20), tendinous xanthomas, thickened Achilles tendons. defective LDL receptors or apoB100

Question 48

if power increases, what happens to type II error?

Answer 48

type II error decreases

Question 49

the decrease in cardiac output in a MI will lead to?

Answer 49

increase in LVEDV

Question 50

what is used for adjunct therapy for a parkinson patient with freezing, clumsy gait and rigidity of his upper extremities?

Answer 50

monoamine oxidase B inhibitors

Question 51

high dose epinephrine effects

Answer 51

alpha 1: increase systolic blood pressure and increase peripheral resistance and smooth muscle contraction via Gq, leading to increase phospholipase C, IP3, DAG, protein kinase C beta 2: Gs, increase cAMP, inhibits contraction and decrease peripheral resistance alpha 1 > beta 2

Question 52

most common cause of viral meningitis

Answer 52

enterovirus

Question 53

high grade stenosis of the proximal right renal artery is pathnogonomic for

Answer 53

atherosclerotic renal artery stenosis

Question 54

GERD is due to?

Answer 54

excessive transient lower esophageal relaxations

Question 55

what is the site where the ureter enters the bladder?

Answer 55

uretopelvic junction

Question 56

what can cause virilzation with hypospaidas in a female fetus

Answer 56

maternal adrogen exposure

Question 57

osteoarthritis can lead to?

Answer 57

degenerative changes of the cartilage

Question 58

Reactivation of varicella-zoster virus is thought to contribute to the development of shingles in immunocompromised individuals secondary to deficiencies in?

Answer 58

cellular immunity. Cellular immunity is essential in the identification and destruction of intracellular pathogens, such as viruses, through the use of MHC class I proteins on host tissue/

Question 59

accessory spleen originate from?

Answer 59

at the origin of the celiac vessels

Question 60

patients with cystic fibrosis is unable to secrete which substance?

Answer 60

bicarbonate

Question 61

what is glanzmann thrombasthenia

Answer 61

aggregation disorder due to defect in glycoprotein IIb-IIIa

Question 62

what happens to the right heart in pulmonary hypertension>

Answer 62

the right ventricle will hypertrophy and then right ventricular diastolic compliance will decrease

Question 63

MOA of rifampin

Answer 63

Rifampin inhibits bacterial DNA-dependent RNA polymerase, preventing transcription and mRNA synthesis. This leads to impaired bacterial protein synthesis and cell death.

Question 64

traits of staph epidermidis

Answer 64

coagulase negative, catalase+, gram+ cocci in clusters

Question 65

The most likely areas of the kidney to be affected by ischemia?

Answer 65

he proximal convoluted tubular and the thick ascending limb due to greater levels of metabolic activity and oxygen consumption.

Question 66

what is keratosis pilaris?

Answer 66

red bumps, not itchy or painful

Question 67

what happens to the blood in obstructive sleep apnea?

Answer 67

increased hemoglobin concentration

Question 68

ADH will activate what?

Answer 68

urea reabsorption in the medullary collecting ducts

Question 69

cystic artery is a branch off of

Answer 69

right hepatic

Question 70

what is goodpasture syndrome

Answer 70

a cause of nephritic syndrome and proliferative glomerulonephritis due to the formation of anti-base membrane antibodies directed at type IV collagen in the renal and pulmonary capillary basement membranes.

Question 71

what is central DI

Answer 71

central diabetes insipidus due to impaired ADH secretion by the supraoptic nucleus of the hypothalamus.

Question 72

effects of ACEi

Answer 72

decrease GFR decrease filtration increase renal blood flow

Question 73

MOA of acyclovir

Answer 73

inhibit viral DNA polymerase and subsequent DNA replication via chain termination

Question 74

which cell is responsible for PNS myelination

Answer 74

schwann cells

Question 75

scant pubic hair and breast bud is which tanner stage

Answer 75

2

Question 76

The process of leukocyte margination and rolling requires the expression of various molecules, including?

Answer 76

The process of leukocyte margination and rolling requires the expression of various molecules, including P-selectin, E-selectin, GlyCAM-1, and CD34 on endothelial cells as well as Sialyl-Lewisx, and L-selectin on leukocytes.

Question 77

what is TIPS procedure

Answer 77

During this procedure, a needle catheter is inserted into the internal jugular vein and passed to the hepatic vein. Once inside, the needle is used to pierce through the liver parenchyma, creating a new shunt between the portal vein and the inferior vena cava (via the hepatic vein).

Question 78

what is postpartum thyroiditis due to?

Answer 78

lymphocytic infiltration of the thyroid