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MS 2020 - France > France - Loire > Flashcards

France - Loire Flashcards

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1
Q

Which three Pays Nantais appellations gained AOP status in 2011?

A

Gros Plant du Pays Nantais, Coteaux d’Ancenis, and Fiefs Vendéens

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2
Q

When did Pays Nantais become primarily a white wine region?

A

After the disastrous 1709 frost

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3
Q

What 4 appellations exist for Melon de Bourgogne in the Pay Nantais?

A

Muscadet AOP, Muscadet Coteaux de la Loire AOP, Muscadet Côtes de Grandlieu AOP, and Muscadet Sèvre-et-Maine AOP

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4
Q

Which appellation is responsible for most Muscadet production?

A

Muscadet Sevre-et-Main AOP (80%)

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5
Q

What are the three subzones of Muscadet Sevre-et-Main AOP?

A

(N to S) Le Pallet, Gorges, Clisson

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6
Q

What is the geographic requirement for labeling Muscadet Sevre-et-Maine as “sur lie”

A

The wine must come from one of the 3 designated subzones

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7
Q

Does Le Pallet or Clisson have the longer lees aging requirement?

A

Clisson (and Gorges) - must be kept on lees until November 1 of the SECOND year following harvest - 24 months. Le Pallet requires lees aging until April 1, 17 months.

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8
Q

May Muscadet Sevre-et-Maine “sur lie” or subzone designate wines be filtered before bottling?

A

No, they must be bottled directly off the fine lees

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9
Q

What are the mail soils of each Sevre-et-Maine sub zone?

A

Clisson - Granite; Gorges - Clay and gabbro; Le Pallet: Gneiss, quartz, and gabbro

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10
Q

Can a wine be labelled as Muscadet Sevre-et-Maine Gorges “Sur lie?”

A

No, you can not have the words “sur lie” AND a geographic designation

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11
Q

Name a producer of each Sevre-et-Maine subzone

A

Domaine Michel Brégeon - Clisson. Domaine de la Pépière - Gorges. Vigneron du Pallet - Le Pallet

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12
Q

Muscadet Sevre-et-Maine min. alcohol, and with geographic designation

A

10%/11%

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13
Q

What is the basic, large appellation for Melon de Bourgogne wines in the Pays Nantais?

A

Muscadet AOP

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14
Q

A wine labeled Sevre-et-Maine “sur lie” has spent how long aging on its lees?

A

6-14 months (March 1-Nov 30 of the FIRST year after harvest)

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15
Q

What is the min. alcohol under Muscadet AOP?

A

9.5 - sur lie is 10%

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16
Q

Muscadet AOP wine styles and grapes

A

Blanc: 100% Melon de Bourgogne
Blanc Nouveau/Primeur
Blanc “Sur Lie”

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17
Q

Which elevated Muscadet appellation is nearest the Atlantic?

A

Muscadet Côtes de Grandlieu AOP

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18
Q

What geographic feature is at the center of Muscadet Côtes de Grandlieu AOP?

A

Lac de Grand lieu

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19
Q

Name a producer of Muscadet Côtes de Grandlieu AOP

A

Haut Bourg

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20
Q

Do Muscadet Côtes de Grandlieu AOP, Sevre-et-Maine, Muscadet AOP, and Muscadet Coteaux de la Loire AOP all share the same “sur lie” again requirements?

A

Yes! Kept on lees until between March 1 and Nov 30.

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21
Q

Why can’t the sub zone designated wines of Serve-et-Maine use the words “sur lie?”

A

Because their minimum lees aging is much longer (at least one year)

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22
Q

Furthest inland Muscadet appellation?

A

Muscadet Coteaux de la Loire AOP

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23
Q

Muscadet Sevre-et-Maine AOP is just South of what city?

A

Nantes

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24
Q

Coteaux d’Ancenis AOP allows what grapes and styles of wine?

A

Blanc: 100% Pinot Gris
Rosé: 100% Gamay
Rouge: 100% Gamay
Varietally-Labeled “Malvoisie”: 100% Pinot Gris

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25
Q

Pay Nantais historic name for Pinot Gris (esp. in Coteaux d’Ancenis AOP)

A

Malvoisie

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26
Q

Some recent great vintages for Muscadet

A

2012, 2014

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27
Q

Some recent quality vintages for Muscadet

A

2015, 2016, 2017 - some frost in ‘16 and ‘17, so lower yields, but high quality

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28
Q

Name a “Sevre et maine ‘sur lie’” bottling

A

La Louvetrie- Jo Landron

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29
Q

Name a high quality Sevre-et Maine producer that offers cuvees based on soil types (granite, etc)

A

Domaine l’Ecu

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30
Q

Fiefs Vendéens AOP wine styles and grapes

A

Blanc: Min. 60% Chenin Blanc, then Chardonnay, Grolleau Gris, Sauvignon Blanc
Rosé: Min 80% Gamay and Pinot Noir
Rouge: Cabernet Franc, Négrette, Pinot Noir - all must be present, plus Cabernet Sauvignon, Gamay

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31
Q

Assemblage for Gros Plant du Pays Nantais AOP

A

Min. 70% Folle Blanche (Gros Plant), Montils and a max. 10% Colombard

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32
Q

Name a Gros Plant du Pays Nantais producer

A

Domaine de la Fruitière

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33
Q

What are the “sur lie” requirements for Gros Plant du Pays Nantais AOP?

A

Same as in Muscadet - wines remain on lees until March 1 (or until Nov 30) the year after harvest. Bottled without filtration

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34
Q

Other than in the Pays Nantais, where might Folle Blanche be found?

A

Cognac and Armagnac

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35
Q

Soils of Savennières Roche Aux Moines AOP

A

Steep slopes of blue schist w/volcanic debris

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36
Q

What grape is found in Savennières Roche Aux Moines AOP?

A

Chenin Blanc 100%

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37
Q

Who bottles a Savennières Roche Aux Moines AOP

A

Joly (Clos de la Bergerie), Domaine Aux Moines

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38
Q

Which is larger, Savennières Coulée de Serrant AOP or Savennières Roche Aux Moines?

A

Roche Aux Moines - 33 ha, Coulée de Serrant is only 7 ha

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39
Q

Who makes Coulée de Serrant AOP?

A

Joly - monopole

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40
Q

What are the three sections of Coulée de Serrant?

A

Grand Clos de la Coulée, the Clos du Château, and Les Plantes

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41
Q

Anjou-Villages AOP allows what grapes and style of wine?

A

Rouge only, from Cabernet Franc and Cabernet Sauvignon

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42
Q

What is another name for Chenin Blanc in Anjou?

A

Pineau de la Loire

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43
Q

What town is the “center of Loire sparkling wine production?”

A

Saumur

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44
Q

Savennières allows only what grape?

A

Chenin Blanc

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45
Q

Basic Anjou AOP allows what wines and grapes?

A

blanc, based on Chenin (with max. 20% Chardonnay and Sauvignon Blanc); rouge, based on Cabernets Franc and Sauvignon (max. 30% combined Pineau d’Aunis and Grolleau), and traditional method white and rosé sparkling wine

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46
Q

Is rosé allowed under Anjou AOP?

A

no. there is a separate designation - Rosé d’Anjou AOP

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47
Q

What grapes are allowed in Rosé d’Anjou AOP?

A

Grolleau (Groslot), Grolleau Gris, Cab. Franc, Cab. Sauvignon, Cot, Gamay, Pineau d’Aunis

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48
Q

Name five sweet wine appellations of Anjou

A

Coteaux du Layon, Bonnezeaux, Coteaux de l’Aubance, Quarts du Chaume, Coteaux de Saumur

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49
Q

Cabernet de Saumur AOP allows what type of wine?

A

Rosé, from Cabernet Franc and Sauvignon

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50
Q

What are three rosé only AOPs of Anjou-Saumur?

A

Cabernet de Saumur, Cabernet d’Anjou, and Rosé d’Anjou

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51
Q

Which Anjou sweet wine appellation has the highest residual sugar requirement?

A

Quarts du Chaume - 85 g/l

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52
Q

Do any of the Anjou sweet wine appellations allow any other grape than Chenin?

A

no - all are 100% Chenin

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53
Q

Which Anjou sweet wine appellations have a specific SGN designation?

A

The two largest ones - Coteaux du Layon and Coteaux de l’Aubance

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54
Q

What other AOP shares a border with Coteaux de l’Aubance? What wine is made there?

A

Anjou Villages Brissac AOP. For red wines from Cabernets Franc and Sauvignon

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55
Q

What is the difference between Rosé d’Anjou and Cabernet d’Anjou AOPs?

A

both are for rosé only, but Rosé d’Anjou AOP uses a larger complement of grapes - Grolleau (Groslot), Grolleau Gris, Cab. Franc, Cab. Sauvignon, Cot, Gamay, Pineau d’Aunis, and is sweeter with min. 7 g/l rs

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56
Q

What is Saumur “Puy Notre-Dame?”

A

This is a designation under Saumur AOP for reds with minimum 85% Cab Franc plus Cabernet Sauvignon, from a delimited area south of Saumur, not released until July 1 after harvest with min. 12% alcohol. In short, an attempt to make a fuller, ageable style of red.

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57
Q

Which region of France produces the most white wine?

A

The Loire

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58
Q

Largest/most important white wine AOP in Loire?

A

Vouvray AOP

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59
Q

Subsoil in Vouvray

A

tuffeau

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60
Q

Subsoil in Saumur-Champigny

A

tuffeau

61
Q

Principal soils of Chinon

A

varennes (alluvial sand), tuffeau (soft limestone), clay

62
Q

Three producers of Chinon AOP

A

Joguet, Raffault, Bernard Baudry

63
Q

Three Vourvray producers

A

Huet, Monmousseau, Domaine François Pinon (all make sparkling wine as well)

64
Q

Three Saumur producers

A

Guiberteau, Château Tour Grise, Domaine du Collier, Chateau de Breze

65
Q

Iconic Saumur-Champigny producer

A

Clos Rougeard, also Thierry Germain, Château Yvonne

66
Q

Name a producer from Jasnieres

A

Pascal Janvier

67
Q

What is Orbois?

A

White grape, rare minor blending grape in Vouvray (max 5%)

68
Q

Name a producer of Bourgeuil

A

Pierre Breton, Stéphane Guion

69
Q

What wines are allowed in Bourgeuil AOP? Grapes?

A

rouge and rosé from Cabernet Franc plus a max. 10% Cabernet Sauvignon

70
Q

What are the three soil types found in Sancerre?

A

Silex - flint soils that continue into Pouilly-Fumé; Caillottes - fossil filled, stony soil (from eroded limestone); terres blanches - from Kimmeridgian limestone

71
Q

What is a famous Sancerre vineyards on terres blanches?

A

Monts Damnés in Chavignol - Cotat; also Chene Marchand in Bué - Lucien Crochet

72
Q

Name a producer of Sancerre rouge? Rosé?

A

Vacheron, Cotat, Pascal Olivet

73
Q

Compare the terroirs of Quincy and Reuilly

A

Quincy has mostly sandy soils, where Reuilly has more varied Limestone marl, gravel, and sand

74
Q

What wines are made in Quincy AOP? Year of creation?

A

est. 1936 (same as CdP). For only white wines, from Sauvignon Blanc (max 10% gris)

75
Q

Wines and grapes of Reuilly AOP?

A

Blanc: 100% Sauvignon Blanc
Rosé: Pinot Noir and Pinot Gris -vin gris
Rouge: 100% Pinot Noir

76
Q

Was Quincy or Reuilly established first?

A

Quincy in 1936, Reuilly in 1937 (reds added in ‘61)

77
Q

Pouilly-sur-Loire AOP vs. Pouilly Fumé AOP

A

Pouilly-sur-Loire AOP is for 100% Chasselas wines, vs. 100% Sauvignon Blanc for Pouilly Fumé

78
Q

Does Pouilly Fumé AOP allow Sauvignon Gris

A

NO

79
Q

Name a producer of Pouilly-sur-Loire AOP

A

Patrice Moreux

80
Q

Coteaux du Giennois AOP

A

Blanc: 100% Sauvignon Blanc
Rosé: Pinot Noir and Gamay (neither may exceed 80%)
Rouge: Pinot Noir and Gamay (neither may exceed 80%)

81
Q

Climate of Central Vineyards

A

Continental - short summers and cold winters

82
Q

Mentou-Salon AOP

A

Blanc: 100% Sauvignon Blanc
Rosé: 100% Pinot Noir
Rouge: 100% Pinot Noir

83
Q

Name a producer of Mentou-Salon

A

Domaine Pellé

84
Q

Soils of Menetou Salon

A

limestone based

85
Q

Orléans AOP

A 
Blanc:
Principal Variety: Min. 60% Chardonnay
Accessory Variety: Pinot Gris
Rosé:
Principal Variety: Min. 60% Meunier
Complementary Variety: Pinot Gris and Pinot Noir
Rouge:
Principal Variety: 70-90% Meunier
Accessory Variety: Pinot Noir
86
Q

What is the principal grape of Orléans rosé and rouge?

A

Meunier

87
Q

What is the principal grape of Orléans-Cléry AOP?

A

Cabernet Franc 100%, rouge only

88
Q

Soils of Pouilly Fumé AOP?

A

Kimmeridgian marl, Oxfordian limestone (caillottes), flint (silex), clay-siliceous soils

89
Q

Producer of Pouilly Fumé AOP?

A

Pascal Jolivet (also Sancerre)

90
Q

What are the principal bottlings of Didier Dagueneau?

A

En Chailloux - a multi-vineyard blend; Buisson Renard; Silex - single vineyard, flinty; Pur Sang (clay rich site, less mineral)

91
Q

What region is Didier Dagueneau associated with?

A

Pouilly Fumé

92
Q

Is chaptalization legal in Bonnezaux?

A

Yes

93
Q

Is chaptalization legal in Quarts de Chaume?

A

No

94
Q

Principal soils of Quarts de Chaume?

A

Schist and sandstone

95
Q

What vintage allowed “Grand Cru” on Quarts de Chaume labels for the first time?

A

2010

96
Q

Notable producer of Bonnezeaux?

A

Chateau des Fesles

97
Q

Discuss terroir of Anjou

A

Anjou Noir (Anjou sur Schistes), large area of schist based soils near south-eastern edge of the Massif Armoricain vs. Anjou Blanc (Anjou sur Tuffeau), porous limestone from the Paris Basin.

98
Q

What notable Burgundy vigneron has invested in Anjou-Saumur?

A

Anne Claude Leflaive - Clau de Nell

99
Q

Name 5 AOPs where Tuffeau based soils may be found

A

Saumur, Saumur-Champigny, Bourguiel, Saint Nicolas-de-Bourgeuil, Montlouis-sur-Loire

100
Q

Minimum RS and grapes for the Cabernet d’Anjou, Cabernet de Saumur, Rosé d’Anjou, and Rosé de Loire AOPs

A

Cabernet d’Anjou: 10g/l, Cabernets Franc and Sauvignon
Cabernet de Saumur: 7 g/l MAX, Cabernets
Rosé d’Anjou: min. 7 g/l, Grolleau (Groslot), Grolleau Gris, Cab. Franc, Cab. Sauvignon, Cot, Gamay, Pineau d’Aunis
Rosé de Loire: max. 3 g/l, same grapes as above

101
Q

Will Cabernet d’Anjou or Cabernet de Saumur be a sweeter wine?

A

Cabernet d’Anjou

102
Q

Crémant de Loire min. pressure?

A

4 atm

103
Q

Crémant de Loire styles and grapes

A

Vin Mousseaux blanc or rosé. Chenin Blanc, Chardonnay, Orbois, Cabernet Franc, Grolleau, Grolleau Gris, Pinot Noir, Cabernet Sauvignon, Pineau d’Aunis
Assemblage: Max. 30% combined Cabernet Sauvignon and Pineau d’Aunis

104
Q

Crémant de Loire min. aging

A

9 mo. on lees, 12 mo. from date of tirage.

105
Q

Is hand harvesting a requirement for Crémant de Loire?

A

must be hand harvested.

106
Q

Synonym for Cabernet Franc in the Loire?

A

Breton

107
Q

What village is Huet associated with?

A

Vouvray

108
Q

Max rs for Vouvray Blanc “Sec?”

A

8 g/l

109
Q

Soils of Bourgueil?

A

Tuffeau and gravel (alluvial deposits)

110
Q

What wines are allowed in Chinon AOP?

A

Blanc: 100% Chenin Blanc
Rosé: Cabernet Franc plus a max. 10% Cabernet Sauvignon
Rouge: Cabernet Franc plus a max. 10% Cabernet Sauvignon

111
Q

Who makes Cuvée Constance?

A

Domaine Huet - made in select vintages, botrytized Chenin selected from one, two or all three vineyards

112
Q

What are Huet’s 3 vineyards?

A

Le Haut Lieu, Le Mont, Clos de Bourg

113
Q

What styles of wine does Huet make?

A

Sec, Demi-Sec, Moelleux, or Moelleux 1ère Trie - may come from any vineyard, depending on the vintage

114
Q

What is Vouvray’s “Première Côte?”

A

Close to the river, has the steepest slope, limestone closest to the surface

115
Q

What village is Francois Chidaine associated with?

A

Montlouis sur Loire

116
Q

Which AOP is directly across the river from Vouvray?

A

Montlouis sur Loire (on the South side)

117
Q

What is the name of Jackie Blot’s property?

A

Domaine de la Taille Aux Loups (Montlouis and Vouvray)

118
Q

Guiberteau is associated with what town?

A

Saumur

119
Q

Principal white grape for Touraine AOP blanc

A

Sauvignon Blanc

120
Q

Touraine “Amboise”

A

Blanc: 100% Chenin Blanc
Rosé: Cabernet Franc, Cabernet Sauvignon, Cot, Gamay
Rouge: Cabernet Franc, Cabernet Sauvignon, Cot, Gamay

121
Q

Touraine “Mesland”

A

white: Chenin must be majority of the blend
red: Gamay, plus Cot and Cabernet Franc, at least 3 varieties must be present in the blend

122
Q

Touraine “Azay-le-Rideau”:

A

Blanc: 100% Chenin Blanc
Rouge: must be majority Grolleau

123
Q

Touraine “Oisly”:

A

Blanc: 100% Sauvignon Blanc

124
Q

Touraine “Chenonceaux”:

A

Blanc: 100% Sauvignon Blanc
Rouge: Cot and Cabernet Franc must account for majority of the blend

125
Q

Touraine AOP rouge

A

Principal Varieties: Min. 80% combined Cabernet Franc and Cot (min. 50%). Vineyards west of Tours have a min. 80% Cabernet Franc.

126
Q

Touraine AOP rosé

A

Rosé: Min. 2 varieties present, and no variety may exceed 70% of the vineyard. Cabernet Franc, Cot, Gamay, Grolleau, Grolleau Gris, Cabernet Sauvignon, Meunier, Pinot Noir, Pinot Gris, Pineau d’Aunis

127
Q

Can Touraine AOP rosé be varietal?

A

NO - must be a blend

128
Q

Touraine Noble-Joué AOP

A

Still, dry rosé. Principal Variety: Greater than 50% Pinot Meunier
Complementary Varieties: Pinot Gris, Pinot Noir

129
Q

Where is Touraine Noble-Joué AOP

A

South of the river, bordering Montlouis sur Loire to the SW

130
Q

Valençay AOP

A

Blanc: Sauvignon Blanc must be the sole variety in the blend, or it must account for the majority of the blend with Orbois, Chardonnay, Sauvignon Gris.
Rosé/Rouge: All three principal varieties must be present in the blend - Gamay, Pinot Noir, Cot, plus Cabernet Franc and Pineau d’Aunis

131
Q

Cheverny AOP

A

Blanc: Min. 50% combined Sauvignon Blanc and Sauvignon Gris
, then Min. 16% combined Chardonnay, Chenin Blanc and Orbois
Rosé & Rouge: (Min. 85% combined Pinot Noir & Gamay), Min. 50% Pinot Noir then Min. 16% Gamay
Accessory Varieties: Cabernet Franc and Cot

132
Q

Coteaux du Loir AOP

A

Blanc: 100% Chenin Blanc

Rouge and Rosé wines may be produced solely from Pineau d’Aunis. For blends, Pineau d’Aunis must be in the majority.

133
Q

Coteaux du Loir AOP producer

A

Domaine Philippe Tessier

134
Q

Châteaumeillant AOP

A

Central France AOP for Vin Gris and rouge, in the Cher departmént South of Reuilly/Quincy. Vin Gris: Min. 60% Gamay plus Pinot Noir and a max. 15% Pinot Gris
Rouge: Min. 60% Gamay plus Pinot Noi

135
Q

Côte Roannaise AOP

A

Central France AOP for rosé and rouge from Gamay. In the Loire department to the west of Roanne (itself west of Macon).

136
Q

Côtes d’Auvergne AOP

A

Blanc: 100% Chardonnay
Rosé: Min. 50% Gamay plus Pinot Noir
Rouge: Min. 50% Gamay plus Pinot Noir

Near
CLERMONT-FERRAND - home to Michelin

137
Q

Côtes du Forez AOP

A

rosé and rouge from 100% Gamay - a southern continuation of the Cote Roannaise (now to the SW of Roanne)

138
Q

Saint-Pourçain AOP

A

Blanc: 50-80% Chardonnay, 20-40% Sacy (Tressalier), max. 10% Sauvignon Blanc
Rosé: 100% Gamay
Rouge: 40-75% Gamay, and 25-60% Pinot Noir
In Allier department, near Moulins

139
Q

Coteaux du Saumur AOP

A

100% Chenin sweet wines, minimum rs 34 g/l

140
Q

Anjou-Coteaux de la Loire AOP

A

100% Chenin sweet wines, minimum rs 34 g/l, to the west of Savennières

141
Q

Anjou Villages AOP

A

Large AOP for Rouge only from Cabernet Franc and Cabernet Sauvignon. Wines must age until Sep 1 of year following harvest.

142
Q

What is the river in the Coteaux du Layon (Bonnezeaux, near Quarts du Chaume…)?

A

The Chaume

143
Q

Grape allowed in Bonnezeaux? min rs?

A

Chenin Blanc 100%, 51 g/l

144
Q

What river runs through the Chinon AOP?

A

The Vienne

145
Q

Cour-Cheverny AOP wine styles and grapes

A

varietal white wines (dry or off dry) from 100% Romorantin

146
Q

name a producer of Cour Cheverny AOP

A

François Cazin

147
Q

What are Jacky Blot’s two labels? Which villages/AOPs are they associated with?

A

DOMAINE DE LA BUTTE - Bourgueil; Domaine de la Taille aux Loups - Mountlouis sur Loire

148
Q

Why are Jacky Blot’s Domaine de la Taille aux Loups bottles of Vouvray only allowed the VdF label?

A

Before 2013 (the decision came in 2009), producers could vinify Vouvray outside the borders of the appellation

MS 2020 - France (19 decks)

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