France - General Flashcards
Batonnage
Lees stirring in the barrel
Calaire
limestone
Climat
named area of a vineyard
Clos
walled vineyard
Courtier
broker between producer and negociant
“Délestage”
rack and return
Demi-muids
Burgundian/Rhone vessel - 600 L
Ebourgeonnage/echetonnage/epamprage/evasivage
Rubbing out of buds early in the season
“Feuillettes”
In Chablis - 132 litre cask; in rest of Burgundy - 114L half barrel
“Foudres”
Large wood vat for fermentations and maturation
“En Foule”
high density planting - not in rows, ancient style
Gobelet pruning
Bush style, used in Beaujolais, rarely in the rest of Burgundy
Lieu-dit
Named place, almost same meaning as climat (may cross AOC boundaries, i.e. Monts Luisants)
Millerandage
Side effect of poor weather at flowering - some berries do not develop in size.
Ouvrée
1/24th of hectare
When did phylloxera strike France?
1863
What was the Griffe Law?
Passed in France in 1889 to define wine as as the product of the fermentation of fresh grapes and outlining acceptable winemaking practices and additives—sugar for chaptalization, fining agents, etc.
What led to the creation of the AOC system
post-phylloxera era, overproduction in some regions from vigorous American hybrids, and corrected/modified/adulterated wines. Initial efforts to define geographic territory came in 1908 to 1919. CdP producer consortium in 1923-26 included productions parameters. Stage set for INAO creation in 1935, first AOCs in 1936/7
What is the INAO?
Comité National des Appellations d’Origine, est. 1935, became an “institut” in 1947
What is remontage?
pump over
Describe the different outcomes from pigeage and remontage?
Pigeage is far more gentle, leading to less tannin extraction and introduction of oxygen to the fermenting must. Remontage will pull more color, concentration from the skins.
What are 7 AOPs in France for vin doux naturel production?
Rasteau and Muscat de Beaumes de Venise - S. Rhone. Banyuls, Maury, Rivesaltes - Roussillon. Muscat de Frontignan, Muscat de Lunel, Muscat de Mireval, Muscat de Saint-Jean-de-Minervois - Languedoc.
Name 3 AOPs for Vin de Liqueur production:
Pineau de Charentes, Floc de Gascogne, Macvin de Jura, Ratafia (IGP, not AOP)
What are all the AOPs for Cremant production?
Cremant de Die, Cremant de Loire, Cremant d’Alsace, Cremant de Jura, Cremant de Bourgogne, Cremant de Bordeaux, Cremant de Limoux. See also Vin Mousseaux from Savoie, allowed to be labeled as Crémant since 2015
What is boulbènes soil?
This is a Bordelais name for a very fine siliceous soil that is easily compressed and hard to work - found in Graves, Entre-deux-mers, Cahors, Armagnac, Cognac
Name 5 IGP Régionales
Atlantique (Bordeaux, Cognac & Dordogne)
Comté Tolosan (Southwestern France)
Comtés Rhodaniens IGP (Northern Rhône & Savoie)
Méditerranée IGP (Rhône Valley & Provence)
Pays d’Oc IGP (Languedoc & Roussillon)
Val de Loire IGP (Loire Valley & Chablis)
Name 5 IGP Départementales
Ardèche IGP Northern Rhône Valley Aude IGP Languedoc Bouches-du-Rhône IGP Provence Côtes Catalanes IGP Roussillon Franche-Comté IGP Jura Saône et Loire IGP Burgundy (Côte Chalonnaise/Maconnais) Yonne IGP Burgundy (Chablis)
Name 5 IGP de Petites Zones
Alpilles IGP Les Baux-de-Provence
Collines Rhodaniennes IGP Northern Rhône Valley
Côtes de Gascogne IGP Southwest France (Armagnac)
Périgord IGP Southwest France (Dordogne)
Vin des Allobroges IGP Savoie
What are the barrel names and sizes for Bordeaux and Burgundy
Bordeaux - 225L - barrique
Burgundy - 228L - pièce
