Fractures Flashcards
1
Q
Closed/simple Fracture
A
does not break the skins surface
2
Q
Open/compound Fracture
A
breaks skins surface, thus increasing risk for infection
3
Q
Transverse Fracture
A
occurs along the long axis of bone
4
Q
Impacted (compression) Fracture
A
two or more bones are crushed together
5
Q
Comminuted Fracture
A
fracture results in two or more pieces
6
Q
Oblique Fracture
A
fracture occurs at an angle (slanted)
7
Q
Spiral Fracture
A
fracture from twisting motion
8
Q
Which fracture is a sign of abuse?
A
Spiral fracture!!!!!!!
9
Q
Greenstick Fracture
A
partial fracture, only one side is broken
10
Q
Risk factors for fractures
A
- osteoporosis
- paget’s disease
- long term steroid use
- falls
- bone cancer
- substance abuse
11
Q
S/S of Fracture
A
- pain
- edema
- ecchymosis (bleeding under skin: discoloration)
- deformed extremity
- muscle spasm
12
Q
Complications of Fracture
A
- fat embolism
- compartment syndrome
- osteomyelitis
13
Q
What is a fat embolism
A
fat from bone marrow travels to lung
14
Q
S/S of fat embolism
A
- dyspnea, tachypnea
- tachycardia
- confusion
- petechiae on upper body (round spots on skin from bleeding)
15
Q
Treatment for fat embolism
A
- bedrest
- oxygen
- IV fluids
