Fractures Flashcards

1
Q

4 steps to manage acute fracture

A

first aid
EMST/ATLS guidelines
Initial stabilization
definitive management

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

what do you do in initial stabilisation of fractures?

A

analgesia
splint
treat wound
reduction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

what is rule of 2s for fracture?

A
2 views (of x-rays)
2 joints
2 times
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

5 things to know to communicate to orthopod

A
mechanism
fracture description
displacement
articular involvement
soft tissue status
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

3 zones of bone in long bone

A

epiphyseal (growth)
metaphyseal
diaphyseal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

type of fracture/shape

A
transverse
oblique
spiral
comminuted
butterfly
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

describing angulation in saggital

A

extension (recurvatum) (distal fragment is front)

flexion (procurvatum)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

soft tissue injury in fractures gives you an idea or what?

A

degree of energy transfer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Gustilo anderson classification

A

for soft tissue involvement in fractures

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

most common salter-harris classification?

A

Class II (good prognosis)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

paediatric elbow look for what signs on x-ray

A

posterior fat pad

anterior fat pad

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

how to use the lines of long bones to see if there is an paediatric elbow fracture?

A

head of radius should point straight to the capitulum

anterior humeral line shoudl bisect centre of caputiulum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

extension type fracture?

A

distal fragment is posterior

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

pulseless supracondylar is what?

A

Gartland class III, the proximal bone affecting vessels

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

how to treat pulseless suprecondylar

A
analgesia
splint in extension
sats plethysmography
assess pulse, sats, 
colour/return
urgent transfer
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

hard paediatric elbow to pick up?

A

lateral condyle fracture

17
Q

what is CRITOL?

A
capitulum
Radial head
internal epicondyle
trolchlea
olecranon
lateral epicondyle
18
Q

when in doubt in paediatric elbow for x-rays, do what?

A

contralateral view

19
Q

how to test hand nerves functionally?

A

a-ok - median (AIN nerve palsy, finger pads together)
thumbs up - radial
make a star: ulnar

20
Q

how fast to bones heal?

A

kids twice as fast in adult (3-4/52 vs. 6-8/52

upper limb twice as fast in lower limb (6-8/52-12/16/52)

21
Q

colles fracture displacement which direction?

A

dorsal displacement
11degrees volarly angulated
22 degrees

22
Q

what is barton’s fracture?

A

chunk out of the radius: needs plate

23
Q

Biers block is?

A

double tourniquet with lignocaine

24
Q

snuff box tenderness means?

A

possible scaphoid fracture

25
scapholunate ligament injury
>3mm on x-ray
26
check for what in boxers fracture?
rotation, buddy taping
27
mason classification for what?
radial head fractures
28
night stick fracture is what?
undisplaced ulnar #
29
ottawa ankle rules?
tender navicular posterior borders lower 6cm of malleoli tender base of 5th can't walk
30
weber classiciation for?
fibula # A closer to malleoli B - no talar shift or medial tenderness C
31
NOF type fractures
intracapsular (most fractures) extracapsular (intertrochanteric, subtrochanteric) displaced?
32
how to treat NOF?
operative (96%)
33
common paediatric fractures
supracondylar | forearm/wrist