Foundations in Biology Module 3.9 DNA replication and the genetic code

Question 1

What is the process of DNA replication:
DNA double helix structure is 1…….. Hydrogen bonds break between 2………. Free 3………………………. pair up with the 4………………….. 5………………. bonds formed. Nucleotides join together with 6……………….. 7………………. DNA molecules are produced

Answer 1

1. unwound
2. bases
3. DNA nucleotides
4. complementary base pairs
5. Hydrogen
6. Phosphodiester bonds
7. 2 New

Question 2

What is DNA replication known as semi-conservative replication

Answer 2

Each new DNA molecule formed consists of one old strand of DNA and one new strand of DNA

Question 3

What is the role of DNA helicase in DNA replication

Answer 3

Unwinding and separating of two strands of DNA

Question 4

What is the role of DNA polymerase in DNA replication

Answer 4

Catalyses the formations of phosphodiester bonds between these nucleotides

Question 5

Define mutation

Answer 5

A random change to the sequence of bases on DNA

Question 6

Define genetic code

Answer 6

DNA’s ability to code for a sequence of amino acids

Question 7

Define triplet code

Answer 7

code in the base sequence

Question 8

Define codon

Answer 8

a sequence of 3 bases - each codon codes for an amino acid

Question 9

Define gene

Answer 9

A section of DNA that contains the complete sequence of bases to code for an entire protein

Question 10

The genetic code of DNA is?
Explain why

Answer 10

Universal
All living organisms use the same code
Never overlapping

Question 11

Define degenerate

Answer 11

Multiple codons can make the same amino acid