Foundations in Biology Module 3.11 ATP Flashcards
1
Q
What are the 3 main things cells require energy for
A
- synthesis e.g. large molecules such as proteins
- transport e.g. pumping molecules/ions across cell membranes by active transport
- movement e.g. protein fibres in muscle cells that cause muscle contraction
2
Q
What are the features of ATP
A
- 3 phosphate groups
- pentose sugar
- nitrogenous base
3
Q
ATP is an example of a
A
Nucleotide
4
Q
Energy is needed to
A
break bonds
5
Q
What is released when bonds formed
A
Energy
6
Q
What is the equation for the hydrolysis of ATP
A
ATP + H2O -> ADP + Pi + energy
7
Q
Define phosphorylation
A
reattaching a phosphate group to an ADP molecule
8
Q
What are the properties of ATP
A
- small - moves easily into, out of and within cells
- Water soluble - energy requiring reactions happens in aqueous environments
- intermediate energy between phosphate - large enough for cellular reactions - no energy wasted as heat
- Releases energy in small quantities
- Easily generated
