Foundations in Biology Module 3.6 Structure of proteins Flashcards
What are the features of proteins
- coomplex macromolecules
- C,H,O,N
What is the general structure of an amino acid
- Central carbon
- Amine group (NH2)
- Carboxyl group (COOH)
- Hydrogen atom
- Residual group (different on every amino acid)
How do amino acids join together
amine group and carboxyl group react
What bond is formed when amino acids join together
Peptide bonds
What is a dipeptide
2 amino acids joined together
What is a polypeptide
many amino acids joined together by peptide bonds
Different …………………. can react together forming different bonds
Residual groups
What is the primary structure of a protein
The sequence of amino acids joined together by peptide bonds
What is the secondary structure of a protein
The folding of the peptide chain due to hydrogen bonds forming allowing chain to coil into a alpha helix or form a beta pleated sheet.
What is the tertiary structure of a protein
The further folding of a protein into its final shape due to hydrophilic and hydrophobiic interactions, hydrogen bonds, ionic bonds and disulfide bridges
What is the quaternary structure of a protein
2/more proteins joined together via hydrophilic and hydrophobic interactions, hydrogen bonding and disulfide bridges
What are examples of quaternary proteins
Enzymes
haeomoglobin
insulin
What does protease do
it catalyses the reverse reaction of condensation where peptide bonds are made joining amino acids together
