Foundation of 6 sigma Flashcards
“DMAIC” abbreviation means
Design, Measure, Analyze, Improve, Control
What is the DMAIC process?
used to improve the current capabilities of an existing process
the define phase is about
what is the problem? goal? and target? to achieve
the measure phase
what is the current performance? how far are we from the target? identify the GAP
the analyze phase
what is the gap in the current performance? What are the root causes of the the gap? why is the gap there?
In the improve phase we ask how can we _____ the process. How can we ______ that our ____ will improve the process
how can we change the process? how do we verify that our changes will improve the process
the control phase
are our improvements to the process consistent over time? how do we maintain improvement in the future
the define phase uses what methodology
VOC, CTQ, Stakholder, SIPOC ( suppliers, inputs, processes, outputs, customers) Financial analysis , Project Charter, graphical data e.g Pareto Chart, Histogram, line graph
the measure phase uses what types of methodology
process review, measure system analysis, data collection, process capability(z-score, process stability using control
the analyze phase uses what types of methodology
determine causes, 5whys, fishbone diagram, root cause analysis, hypothesis testing
the improve phases uses what types of methodology
generation of solution ideas, (benchmarking,)
risk analysis on solution, create implementation plan for verifying solution
the control phase uses what types of methodology
used for monitoring, reacting plan, validate final financial results (not immediate), hand over toprocess owner
X means input or output
Input
Y means input or output
output
controlling ______ controls output
input
DMAIC Approach Formula
y=f(x)
Define Lean
lean is the removal of waste. its a systematic approach to identify and eliminate waste or non value activities from a process
JUST IN TIME JIT
right product, right amount, right time
difference between lean and six sigma
lean is geared towards reducing waste in a process that will reduce cost and increasing speed.
6 Sigma is more about reducing the variations in a process by making sustainable changes
3 processes of lean:
- change mindset/culture 2. non value added process- 3. more effort is required, variations in the process
variation means
when no two items/servies are the same
variation is often due to differences in the
manpower, machines, material, methods, measurement, Mother Nature
A common cause is
a. not part of the process on a regular basis
b. random changes in the process that cannot be avoided
B. Random changes thats cant be avoided. (it is consistently day after day)
variation only removable by making change to existing process usually requires management intervention
An assignable cause is
a. not part of the process on a regular basis
b. random changes in the process that cannot be avoided
a. not part of the process on a regular basis
Variations in the process that are not part of the process on a regular basis. EXAMPLE: a size change that occurs the chips build up around a holding device machine
