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Italian Wine Scholar Unit 1 - Northern Italy > Foundation - Intro to Viticulture of Italy > Flashcards

Foundation - Intro to Viticulture of Italy Flashcards

1
Q

Italy competes with _____ as the world’s largest wine producer

A

France

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2
Q

Italy is third largest in area under vine, behind

A

Spain & France

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3
Q

How many of Italy’s 20 regioni plant vines?

A

All 20

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4
Q

What does Italy’s latitude contribute to the success the vineyards?

A

Warmth

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5
Q

What does Italy’s mountainous and hilly landscape contribute to the success the vineyards ?

A

Elevation
(Moderates temperatures and extends growing season)

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6
Q

How many of Italy’s 20 regioni have recognized wine appellations?

A

20

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7
Q

What is mezzadria (metayage)

A

Share-cropping

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8
Q

The mezzadria has characterized Italy’s viticulture since the

A

Middle Ages

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9
Q

Mezza translates to

A

Half

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10
Q

How much of their crop did the farmers have to give to the landowners in the mezzadria system?

A

Half

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11
Q

Because of the mezzadria system, agriculture Italy has always been _____

A

Polycultural

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12
Q

What does polycultural mean in terms of agriculture?

A

Multiple crops growing together

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13
Q

Where was mezzadria particularly widespread?

A

Northern and central Italy

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14
Q

Mezzadria focused more on _____ rather than _____

A

Quantity , Quality

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15
Q

T/ F
Because of the mezzadria, Italy lagged behind other European countries in the agricultural arena

A

True

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16
Q

Was land planted solely to grapes common or uncommon?

A

Uncommon

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17
Q

When was the mezzadria abolished?

A

1960’s

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18
Q

When did dedicated vineyards start to appear in significant numbers?

A

1960’s

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19
Q

When did viticultural research switch from finding more productive vines to focus on finding higher quality clones?

A

1980s & 1990’s

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20
Q

T/F
Every region has different viticultural traditions and practices that are shaped by the local environment

A

True

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21
Q

Are modern vine training and pruning systems common in Italy?

A

Yes

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22
Q

Do some areas use traditional vine training and pruning systems?

A

Yes

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23
Q

Do some producers use a combination of modern and traditional vine training and pruning systems?

A

Yes

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24
Q

What culture introduced the first type of high vine training system

A

The Etruscans

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25
Name of the Etruscan system that trained vines to grow high in trees and use branches for support
Alberata
26
How does “vite maritata all’albero” translate?
Vine Married to the Tree
27
Alberata was practiced widely until the middle of the _____ century
20th
28
An early example of overhead vine training and the ancestor of the pergola and tendone systems
Alberata
29
Due to their structure, overhead vine training systems are generally used with _____ density planting
Low
30
Type of Pergola that spreads out along a horizontal arm
Pergola Veronese
31
Type of Pergola that spreads out on an inclined arm
Pergola Trentina
32
What type of vine training system is used widely in Trentino, Alto Adige, Veneto, and Romagna
Pergola
33
Overhead vine training system where the canopy grows high off the ground forming a sort of tent, with grape clusters hanging underneath
Tendone
34
Overhead system that was typical of the southern regions of Abruzzo, Campania, Puglia, and Sicilia (although no longer used for quality wine grapes)
Tendone
35
What type of grape may still be grown on a tendone?
Table grapes
36
A re-adapted form of tendone more suitable for quality wine grapes
Pergola Abruzzese
37
GDC is a high vine training system. It stands for
Geneva Double Curtain
38
High- or Low - Trained? Alberata
High
39
High- or Low - Trained? Alberata
High
40
High- or Low - Trained? Pergola
High
41
High- or Low - Trained? Pergola Veronese
High
42
High- or Low - Trained? Pergola Trentina
High
43
High- or Low - Trained? Tendone
High
44
High- or Low - Trained? Pergola Abruzzese
High
45
High- or Low - Trained? Geneva Double Curtain
High
46
High- or Low - Trained? Sylvoz
High
47
High- or Low - Trained? Sylvoz
High
48
High- or Low - Trained? Casarsa
High
49
Sylvoz and Casarsa are common in _____ -_____ and _____
Emilia-Romagna , Veneto
50
Casarsa is common in western and central _____
Friuli
51
T/F The majority of Italian vineyards use the standard vertical shoot positioning system whereby the fruiting canes are tied vertically to two horizontal wires
True
52
High- or Low - Trained? Cordone Speronato
Low
53
High- or Low - Trained? Guyot
Low
54
aka Single Spur-Pruned Cordon
Cordone Speronato
55
Vine training system characterized by a permanent cordon of old wood trained horizontally
Cordone Speronato
56
What quality of soil is Cordone Speronato suitable for?
Medium-to-Poor
57
An advantage of Cordone Speronato is that it allows _____ pruning
Mechanical
58
Vine training system in which one or two new canes are kept every year and are trained horizontally
Guyot
59
Vine training system that is particularly suitable in poor, dry hillside soils, where the vine has limited vegetative growth
Guyot
60
High- or Low - Trained? Cappuccina
Low
61
High- or Low - Trained? Capovolto
Low
62
High- or Low - Trained? Archetto
Low
63
Where is the Cappuccina (Capovolto) system traditionally used?
Veneto
64
Where is the Archetto system traditionally used?
Toscana
65
High- or Low - Trained? Albarello
Low
66
Name for a bush-trained vine
Albarello
67
Vine training system particularly widespread in Sicilia, Sardegna, and Puglia
Albarello
68
Vine training system introduced by the Greeks
Albarello (Bush-Trained)
69
What type of climate is albarello best suited for?
Hot, Arid
70
Is albarello high or low yielding?
Low
71
Does albarello produce high or low quality grapes
High
72
A cooler northern region where albarello is also used in order to give the vine the benefits of the extra heat radiating from the ground
Valle D’Aosta
73
Does Albarello produce ripe or very ripe grapes?
Very ripe
74
Name a drawback of bush-training
Labor-intensive
75
The name of an ongoing study (that began in the 1980’s) that has been collecting data on soil, climate, topography, altitude, humidity, rainfall, sunlight, and other factors
Zonazione
76
What is the goal of the Zonazione?
To divide the area under vine into homogenous sub-areas that have the greatest potential to grow certain grape varieties

Italian Wine Scholar Unit 1 - Northern Italy (13 decks)

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