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Italian Wine Scholar Unit 1 - Northern Italy > Foundation - Intro to Viticulture of Italy > Flashcards

Foundation - Intro to Viticulture of Italy Flashcards

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1
Q

Italy competes with _____ as the world’s largest wine producer

A

France

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2
Q

Italy is third largest in area under vine, behind

A

Spain & France

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3
Q

How many of Italy’s 20 regioni plant vines?

A

All 20

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4
Q

What does Italy’s latitude contribute to the success the vineyards?

A

Warmth

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5
Q

What does Italy’s mountainous and hilly landscape contribute to the success the vineyards ?

A

Elevation
(Moderates temperatures and extends growing season)

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6
Q

How many of Italy’s 20 regioni have recognized wine appellations?

A

20

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7
Q

What is mezzadria (metayage)

A

Share-cropping

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8
Q

The mezzadria has characterized Italy’s viticulture since the

A

Middle Ages

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9
Q

Mezza translates to

A

Half

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10
Q

How much of their crop did the farmers have to give to the landowners in the mezzadria system?

A

Half

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11
Q

Because of the mezzadria system, agriculture Italy has always been _____

A

Polycultural

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12
Q

What does polycultural mean in terms of agriculture?

A

Multiple crops growing together

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13
Q

Where was mezzadria particularly widespread?

A

Northern and central Italy

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14
Q

Mezzadria focused more on _____ rather than _____

A

Quantity , Quality

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15
Q

T/ F
Because of the mezzadria, Italy lagged behind other European countries in the agricultural arena

A

True

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16
Q

Was land planted solely to grapes common or uncommon?

A

Uncommon

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17
Q

When was the mezzadria abolished?

A

1960’s

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18
Q

When did dedicated vineyards start to appear in significant numbers?

A

1960’s

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19
Q

When did viticultural research switch from finding more productive vines to focus on finding higher quality clones?

A

1980s & 1990’s

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20
Q

T/F
Every region has different viticultural traditions and practices that are shaped by the local environment

A

True

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21
Q

Are modern vine training and pruning systems common in Italy?

A

Yes

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22
Q

Do some areas use traditional vine training and pruning systems?

A

Yes

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23
Q

Do some producers use a combination of modern and traditional vine training and pruning systems?

A

Yes

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24
Q

What culture introduced the first type of high vine training system

A

The Etruscans

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25
Q

Name of the Etruscan system that trained vines to grow high in trees and use branches for support

A

Alberata

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26
Q

How does “vite maritata all’albero” translate?

A

Vine Married to the Tree

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27
Q

Alberata was practiced widely until the middle of the _____ century

A

20th

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28
Q

An early example of overhead vine training and the ancestor of the pergola and tendone systems

A

Alberata

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29
Q

Due to their structure, overhead vine training systems are generally used with _____ density planting

A

Low

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30
Q

Type of Pergola that spreads out along a horizontal arm

A

Pergola Veronese

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31
Q

Type of Pergola that spreads out on an inclined arm

A

Pergola Trentina

32
Q

What type of vine training system is used widely in Trentino, Alto Adige, Veneto, and Romagna

A

Pergola

33
Q

Overhead vine training system where the canopy grows high off the ground forming a sort of tent, with grape clusters hanging underneath

A

Tendone

34
Q

Overhead system that was typical of the southern regions of Abruzzo, Campania, Puglia, and Sicilia (although no longer used for quality wine grapes)

A

Tendone

35
Q

What type of grape may still be grown on a tendone?

A

Table grapes

36
Q

A re-adapted form of tendone more suitable for quality wine grapes

A

Pergola Abruzzese

37
Q

GDC is a high vine training system. It stands for

A

Geneva Double Curtain

38
Q

High- or Low - Trained?

Alberata

A

High

39
Q

High- or Low - Trained?

Alberata

A

High

40
Q

High- or Low - Trained?

Pergola

A

High

41
Q

High- or Low - Trained?

Pergola Veronese

A

High

42
Q

High- or Low - Trained?
Pergola Trentina

A

High

43
Q

High- or Low - Trained?

Tendone

A

High

44
Q

High- or Low - Trained?

Pergola Abruzzese

A

High

45
Q

High- or Low - Trained?

Geneva Double Curtain

A

High

46
Q

High- or Low - Trained?

Sylvoz

A

High

47
Q

High- or Low - Trained?

Sylvoz

A

High

48
Q

High- or Low - Trained?

Casarsa

A

High

49
Q

Sylvoz and Casarsa are common in _____ -_____ and _____

A

Emilia-Romagna , Veneto

50
Q

Casarsa is common in western and central _____

A

Friuli

51
Q

T/F
The majority of Italian vineyards use the standard vertical shoot positioning system whereby the fruiting canes are tied vertically to two horizontal wires

A

True

52
Q

High- or Low - Trained?

Cordone Speronato

A

Low

53
Q

High- or Low - Trained?

Guyot

A

Low

54
Q

aka Single Spur-Pruned Cordon

A

Cordone Speronato

55
Q

Vine training system characterized by a permanent cordon of old wood trained horizontally

A

Cordone Speronato

56
Q

What quality of soil is Cordone Speronato suitable for?

A

Medium-to-Poor

57
Q

An advantage of Cordone Speronato is that it allows _____ pruning

A

Mechanical

58
Q

Vine training system in which one or two new canes are kept every year and are trained horizontally

A

Guyot

59
Q

Vine training system that is particularly suitable in poor, dry hillside soils, where the vine has limited vegetative growth

A

Guyot

60
Q

High- or Low - Trained?

Cappuccina

A

Low

61
Q

High- or Low - Trained?

Capovolto

A

Low

62
Q

High- or Low - Trained?

Archetto

A

Low

63
Q

Where is the Cappuccina (Capovolto) system traditionally used?

A

Veneto

64
Q

Where is the Archetto system traditionally used?

A

Toscana

65
Q

High- or Low - Trained?

Albarello

A

Low

66
Q

Name for a bush-trained vine

A

Albarello

67
Q

Vine training system particularly widespread in Sicilia, Sardegna, and Puglia

A

Albarello

68
Q

Vine training system introduced by the Greeks

A

Albarello (Bush-Trained)

69
Q

What type of climate is albarello best suited for?

A

Hot, Arid

70
Q

Is albarello high or low yielding?

A

Low

71
Q

Does albarello produce high or low quality grapes

A

High

72
Q

A cooler northern region where albarello is also used in order to give the vine the benefits of the extra heat radiating from the ground

A

Valle D’Aosta

73
Q

Does Albarello produce ripe or very ripe grapes?

A

Very ripe

74
Q

Name a drawback of bush-training

A

Labor-intensive

75
Q

The name of an ongoing study (that began in the 1980’s) that has been collecting data on soil, climate, topography, altitude, humidity, rainfall, sunlight, and other factors

A

Zonazione

76
Q

What is the goal of the Zonazione?

A

To divide the area under vine into homogenous sub-areas that have the greatest potential to grow certain grape varieties

Italian Wine Scholar Unit 1 - Northern Italy (13 decks)

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