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Italian Wine Scholar Unit 1 - Northern Italy > Foundation - Geography, Topography, & Climate > Flashcards

Foundation - Geography, Topography, & Climate Flashcards

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1
Q

Italy is in the central part of Europe between the _____th and _____th parallels north

A

35th and 47th

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2
Q

Italy has the shape of a

A

Boot

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3
Q

Italy includes the islands of _____ and _____ plus a multitude of archipelagos.

A

Sicily and Sardegna

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4
Q

Italy borders _____ and _____ to the north

A

Switzerland and Austria

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5
Q

Italy borders _____ to the northwest

A

France

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6
Q

Italy borders _____ to the northeast

A

Slovenia

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7
Q

The 2 small independent enclaves within the Italian territory

A

Vatican City State and Republic of San Marino

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8
Q

The majority of Italy is covered by _____ and _____ , which together account for 77% of the total surface.

A

Mountains and Hills

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9
Q

The two mountain ranges that together cover more than one-third of the Italian territory

A

Alps and Apennines

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10
Q

Mountain range that runs along the entire Italian northern border

A

The Alps

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11
Q

Mountain range that plays a fundamental role in northern Italy’s climate; blocking the cold winds arriving from Northern Europe and the humid air currents coming from the western Atlantic Ocean

A

The Alps

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12
Q

The lower altitude range that forms the link between the Alps and the plains of northern Italy

A

The Prealps

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13
Q

Highest mountain in the Italian Alps

A

Monte Bianco

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14
Q

Highest peak of the Apennines

A

The Massif of Gran Sasso in Abruzzo

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15
Q

Mountain range that runs in an arc that begins close to the French border and forms the backbone the entire Italian peninsula

A

The Apennines

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16
Q

Largest active volcano in Europe

A

Mt. Etna in Sicilia

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17
Q

Where is Vesuvio located?

A

Campania

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18
Q

Geographic feature that covers the majority of Italy

A

Hills (42%)

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19
Q

Hills formed by the uplift of ancient sea bed

A

Sedimentary Hills

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20
Q

The hills of Langhe, Monferrato, and Chianti are what type of hill?

A

Sedimentary hills

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21
Q

Hills formed by Alpine glacial deposits and containing a high gravel and sand content

A

Morainic hills

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22
Q

Type of hill found parallel to the Prealps and Alps

A

Morainic hills

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23
Q

Type of hill found around Lake Garda (Bardolino) and in Franciacorta

A

Morainic hills

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24
Q

Type of hill that is the remains of ancient, extinct volcanos; usually possessing a conical shape

A

Volcanic hills

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25
Q

Type of hill that can be found in Veneto, Toscana, Lazio, Campania, and Sicilia

A

Volcanic hills

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26
Q

Geographic feature that accounts for the smallest proportion of the Italian landscape

A

Plains (23%)

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27
Q

What one plain represents more than 2/3 of all the plains in Italy

A

Padana Plain (Po Valley)

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28
Q

Italy’s largest river

A

Po

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29
Q

The Po River crosses what plain?

A

Padana Plain

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30
Q

This alluvial plain divides the Alps from the Apennines

A

Padana Plain

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31
Q

Into what sea does the Po River empty?

A

Adriatic

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32
Q

The easternmost part of the Padana Plain located between Veneto and Friuli is actually a distinct plain called

A

Pianura Veneto-Friulana (Venetian-Friulian Plain)

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33
Q

Where can the second largest plain be found?

A

Puglia

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34
Q

What is the name of Italy’s second-largest plain

A

Tavoliere delle Puglie

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35
Q

Sea that surrounds the Italian peninsula

A

Mediterranean Sea

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36
Q

Italian rivers tend to be _____ and _____ than rivers found in other European countries

A

Shorter and Smaller

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37
Q

Very few of the rivers in Italy are _____ , and when they are, it is only for limited distances

A

Navigable

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38
Q

The longest and biggest rivers in Italy are in

A

The northern part

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39
Q

The Tanaro, Dora Baltea, Sesia, Ticino, Adda, and Oglio are all important tributaries of

A

The Po River

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40
Q

The Adige, Brenta, and Tagliamento all flow into

A

The Adriatic Sea

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41
Q

The majority of Italy’s lakes are located

A

In the northern part of the country

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42
Q

Where is it located?
Lake Garda

A

North

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43
Q

Where is it located?
Lake Como

A

North

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44
Q

Where is it located?
Tanaro River

A

North

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45
Q

Where is it located?
Dora Balta River

A

North

46
Q

Where is it located?
Sesia River

A

North

47
Q

Where is it located?
Ticino River

A

North

48
Q

Where is it located?
Adda River

A

North

49
Q

Where is it located?
Oglio River

A

North

50
Q

Where is it located?
Adige River

A

North

51
Q

Where is it located?
Brenta River

A

North

52
Q

Where is it located?
Tagliamento River

A

North

53
Q

Where is it located?
Tevere River

A

Central

54
Q

Where is it located?
Arno River

A

Central

55
Q

Where is it located?
Volturno River

A

South-Central

56
Q

Where is it located?
Lake Como

A

North

57
Q

Where is it located?
Lake Maggiore

A

North

58
Q

Where is it located?
Lake Iseo

A

North

59
Q

Where is it located?
Lake Trasimeno

A

Central

60
Q

Where is it located?
Lake Bolsena

A

Central

61
Q

Where is it located?
Lake Bracciano

A

Central

62
Q

Local weather patterns are impacted by the proximity of _____ and/ or the _____ _____

A

Mountains , Mediterranean Sea

63
Q

The vast mountain presence makes _____ a critical feature of the Italian landscape and its climate

A

Altitude

64
Q

In fact, _____ , rather than latitude, is key to determining the climate of wine growing areas

A

Elevation

65
Q

What does high elevation do to the growing season?

A

Extends it

66
Q

High elevation allows grapes to maintain _____ and _____ ______

A

Acidity , Aromatic Complexity

67
Q

Italy has some of the _____ harvests in Europe

A

Latest

68
Q

The interplay between _____ and ______ influences is the unifying and fundamental feature of Italy’s climate

A

Mountain, Mediterranean

69
Q

Northern Italy has a mostly _____ climate

A

Continental

70
Q

The Italian Alps has a continental climate with an _____ influence that becomes stronger in higher latitudes

A

Alpine

71
Q

Winters in the Italian Alps are _____ and _____

A

Long and Severe

72
Q

Summers in the Italian Alps are _____ with plenty of _____

A

Warm , Sunshine

73
Q

The climate of the Padana Plain is fully

A

Continental

74
Q

A continental climate has _____ summers and _____ winters

A

Hot, Cold

75
Q

The hilly land between the mountains and the plains has an intermediate climate that can be described as

A

Semi-Continental

76
Q

The Northern Regions facing the sea (Liguria, Emilia-Romagna, Veneto, and Friuli Venezia Giulia) are more affected by

A

The Mediterranean

77
Q

The Italian peninsula is formed by which Italian regions?

A

Central and Southern Italy

78
Q

The Italian peninsula is completely surrounded by

A

The Mediterranean Sea

79
Q

The Mediterranean Sea acts as a reservoir of warmth and humidity, resulting in a warm _____ climate for the coastal areas

A

Mediterranean

80
Q

A Mediterranean climate has _____ winters and _____ summers

A

Mild, warm-to-hot

81
Q

Which sea is larger?
Tyrrhenian or Adriatic

A

Tyrrhenian

82
Q

Which sea is deeper?
Tyrrhenian or Adriatic

A

Tyrrhenian

83
Q

Which sea has a stronger moderating influence on the climate?
Tyrrhenian or Adriatic

A

Tyrrhenian

84
Q

The peninsula’s inland areas are mostly

A

Mountainous

85
Q

The peninsula’s inland areas benefit from cooler conditions due to

A

Higher elevation

86
Q

Due to the mountains, even the most southern areas of Italy have surprisingly _____ climatic conditions

A

Moderate

87
Q

The lowest average annual temperatures are found in

A

Northern Italy

88
Q

Why is it cooler in northern Italy? (2 reasons)

A

Increased elevation & the cooling influence of the Alps

89
Q

Why is the Padana Plain one of the coolest areas in winter and hottest in summer?

A

Due to the isolating presence of both the Alps and the Apennines

90
Q

What regions receive the hottest temperatures? (4 areas)

A

Coast of Sicilia
Calabria
Southern Puglia
Southern Coast of Sardegna

91
Q

Rainfall is highest in what topographical area?

A

The mountains

92
Q

Rainfall is lowest in what 2 topographical areas?

A

Plains and coasts

93
Q

What are the two wettest seasons

A

Autumn and Winter

94
Q

What are the two driest seasons

A

Spring and Summer

95
Q

In what two wine growing areas does summer drought sometimes pose a problem?

A

Sicilia and Puglia

96
Q

When there is drought, and it is an emergency case, _____ may be allowed

A

Irrigation

97
Q

What weather event is a particular threat in the north, extensively and rapidly damaging crops?

A

Hail

98
Q

T/F
For each of Europe’s 6 Climatic Zones, the EU has established rules that dictate the minimum potential alcohol and the parameters for enrichment and acid adjustment

A

True

99
Q

Name the EU Climate Zone

Valle D’Aosta

A

CI

100
Q

Name the EU Climate Zone

All of northern Italy except Valle d’Aosta, Trentino Alto-Adige, Sondrio in Lombardia, and Belluno in Veneto

A

CII

101
Q

Name the EU Climate Zone

Trentino Alto-Adige

A

CI

102
Q

Name the EU Climate Zone

A
103
Q

Name the EU Climate Zone

The province of Sondrio in Lombardia

A

CI

104
Q

Name the EU Climate Zone

The province of Belluno in Veneto

A

CI

105
Q

Name the EU Climate Zone

Central Italy

A

CII

106
Q

Name the EU Climate Zone

Southern Italy
(except Sicilia, Sardegna, Calabria, Basilicata, & Puglia)

A

CII

107
Q

Name the EU Climate Zone

Sardegna

A

CIII(b)

108
Q

Name the EU Climate Zone

Sicilia

A

CIII(b)

109
Q

Name the EU Climate Zone

Calabria

A

CIII(b)

110
Q

Name the EU Climate Zone

Basilicata

A

CIII(b)

111
Q

Name the EU Climate Zone

Puglia

A

CIII(b)

Italian Wine Scholar Unit 1 - Northern Italy (13 decks)

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