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Sommelier Study > Fortified & Grape spirits > Flashcards

Fortified & Grape spirits Flashcards

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Introductory Sommelier Exam (CMS) flashcards
1
Q

What is vin de liqueur?

A

General french term for fortifying unfermented grape musts

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2
Q

What is Mistelle?

A

Style of fortified wine in which neutral grape spirit is added to an un-fermented grape must

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3
Q

What is Ratafia found?

A

Fortified wine from champagne

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4
Q

What is Pineau des Charentes?

A

Fortified wine from Cognac

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5
Q

What is Floc de gascone?

A

Fortified wine from Armagnac

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6
Q

What is Lei do Tergo or law of the third?

A

The restriction of sales to only 1/3 of a house’s total inventory in port

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7
Q

What is the main red grape of port?

A

Touriga Nacional

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8
Q

What is the main white grape of port?

A

Gouveio

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9
Q

What is port often fortified with?

A

Aguardente

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10
Q

What is Beneficio?

A

Portuguese The fortification of wine with spirit

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11
Q

What is Mutage?

A

French term for the fortification of wine with spirit

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12
Q

What is the difference between ruby and tawny port?

A

Mainly the aging. Ruby’s age for a shorter amount of time in larger barrels keeping a more ruby color.
Tawny’s are aged in smaller oak barrels for a longer period of time creating a more brownish color

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13
Q

In Port what LBV stand for and what does it mean

A

Late bottle vintage.
it was a vintage bottling that aged for at least 4 years in oak contact similar to tawny port and will most likely not improve in bottle. Vintage port still the top bottling

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14
Q

What is Colheita Tawny and reserve tawny?

A

Colheinta is vintage dated
Reserve is a blend of vintages
Both MUST have atleast 7 years aging in cask

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15
Q

What does it mean if a Tawny port has an indication of age? EX. 10, 20, 30, 40

A

Nothing related to the actual age but instead a sample is sent to the IVDP and tasted to reflect how old it TASTES.

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16
Q

What is the soil of Madeira

A

Volcanic

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17
Q

What is the climate of Madeira

A

Sub Tropical

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18
Q

What is the most widely planted grape in Madeira?

A

Tinta Negra

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19
Q

If a Madeira label is varietal and vintage specific what is the minimum percentage of varietal required

A

100%

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20
Q

If a Madeira label is only varietal specific what is the minimum percentage of varietal required

A

85%

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21
Q

What are the grapes from sweetest to driest for madeira production

A

Malvasia(malmsey)
Boal
Verdelho
Sercial

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22
Q

Explain the different styles of Estufagem aging:

Estufagem & armazens de calor

A

Estufagen: Young Madeira put into stainless steel vats and heated to up to 120 degrees
armazens de calor: Stainless steel vats in rooms warmed by nearby tanks or steam pipes rather than the direct heat

23
Q

What is the best style of aging for Madeira?

A

Canteiro

24
Q

What is Canteiro in Madeira?

A

Style of aging in which a house’s best wine is put into cask then stored lodge addicts for up to 2 years. Cant release till 3 years.

25
Q

How is Madeira wine aging methods different from other fortified wines?

A

Exposed to extreme high temperatures

cooked wine

26
Q

What is epitome of quality for aged vintage Madeira?

A

Frasquiera

27
Q

What is Frasquiera?

A

Madeira aged for atleast 20 years through the Canteiro Method with vintage

28
Q

Would a Madeira labeled with reserve or extra reserve have a vintage?

A

NO

29
Q

What are the noble grapes of Madeira?

A

Malvasia(malmsey)
Boal
Verdelho
Sercial

30
Q

In the production of Sherry when do they fortify with a neutral grape spirit?

A

After full fermentation of the original must

31
Q

What is the level of aging for Manzanilla?

A

Manzanilla fina
Manzanilla Pasada
Manzanilla Olaroso

32
Q

What are the main grapes of white Marsala?

A

Grillo and Inzolia

33
Q

What are the 2 styles of Marsala used with white wine?

A

Ambre and Oro

34
Q

What is the style for red Marsala?

A

Rubino

35
Q

What are the grapes for red Marsala?

A

Perricone, Nero d’Avola, and Nero Mascalese

36
Q

Does vintage Marsala exist?

A

No

37
Q

What would a vintage on a bottle of Marsala tell you?

A

Year of fortification

38
Q

What is the traditional barrel used for aging and shipping Port wines?

  • Foudre
  • Pipe
  • Demimuid
  • Butt
  • Barrica
A

Pipe

39
Q

What are the best port vintage of the last 20 years.

A

2011, 2007

40
Q

Main grapes of Armagnac

A

Ugni Blanc, Folle Blanche(picpoul), Colombard, baco blanc

41
Q

What fruit can be used in Calvados?

A

Apple and Pear

42
Q

eau-de-vie

A

Fruit brandy made by fermentation then distillation.

43
Q

Name two Cognac Producers?

A

Remy Martin

Jean Grosperrin

44
Q

Name two Armagnac Producers

A

Domaine D’Esperance

Chateau de Leberon

45
Q

Name a Calvados producer

A

Lemorton

46
Q

Name two Grappa’s

A

Capovilla

Montanarra

47
Q

Eau-de-vie producer

A

Laurant Cazottes

48
Q

What is the soil of cognac

A

soft chalk

49
Q

6 Cognac levels from high to low

A 
Grand Champagne
Petite Champagne
Borderies
Fins Bois
Bons Bois
Bois Ordinaires
50
Q

What do the following terms stand for:
vs
vsop
xo

A

vs: Very special
vsop: Very special old pale
xo: extra old

51
Q

minimum requirements for cognac
vs
vsop
xo

A

vs: 2 years
vsop 4 years
xo: 6 years (10 years in 2018)

52
Q

How many times must cognac get distilled?

A

2 times in pot stills

53
Q

How many times does Armagnac get distilled

A

usually once in a continuous still

54
Q

Armagnac aging requirements
vs
vsop
xo or Hors d’Age

A

vs: 1-3 years
vsop: 4-9
Xo or Hors d’Age: atleast 10

Sommelier Study (24 decks)

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