Forensic DNA Analysis Flashcards
1
Q
CODIS: 1998-2016
A
13 loci
2
Q
CODIS: 2017-now
A
20 loci
3
Q
why is it hard to move away from STR analysis?
A
- a lot of training
- slow turnover
- so many people already in the system
4
Q
steps of next generation sequencing
A
- extraction
- library prep
- sequencing
- analysis
5
Q
advantages of next generation sequencing
A
- any region of the genome can be covered by hundreds of reads, enough to provide reasonable certainty in the sequence
- cover more STRs - or other variants
- uses one small sample
- avoid allelic dropout
6
Q
forensic use of epigenetics
A
- modification of gene expression with out altering the genetic code
- tissue specific methylation patterns
- differential DNA methylation profiling
7
Q
can methylation vary across monozygotic twins? why or why not?
A
- methylation can vary across monozygotic twins
- due to stochastic, disease, or lifestyle events
8
Q
DNA phenotyping
A
- prediction of appearance from DNA
- unknown sample donor
- typically uses SNPs
9
Q
SNPs
A
single nucleotide polymorphisms
10
Q
potential ethical issues with DNA phenotyping?
A
- stereotyping with race
- concerns with repository of data
- exaggerated expectations
11
Q
genealogy through shared CentiMorgans
A
CentiMorgans measure length of DNA
12
Q
one cluster of 5 matches
A
- repeated for all determined clusters
- find the common couple between the two clusters
- make the entire tree moving forward of the common couple
13
Q
how can members of the family tree be excluded/included as a suspect?
A
- CentiMorgans
- gender
- lineages
14
Q
forensic use of eDNA
A
- plant material
- microbial
- eDNA to detect the presence of invasive Asian Carp
15
Q
eDNA
A
environmental DNA
