Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Forensic Biology > Finger Printing > Flashcards

Finger Printing Flashcards

1
Q

fingerprint

A

an imprint made by the fiction ridge patterns on the last joint of the finger

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

friction ridge

A

one of the corrugated ridges characteristic of the skin of the palmar & plantar surfaces of primates

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

what kind of finger prints are indistinguishable?

A

human, chimp, and koala prints

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

what are finger prints composed of?

A
  • ridges
  • grooves
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

ridge colors on print

A

black

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

groove colors on print

A

grey color

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

four factors that determines the value of associative evidence

A
  • the specificity or degree of identity of the evidence
  • the frequency of occurrence
  • the persistence of the transferred material
  • the likelihood of alternate explanation
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

why fingerprints can be used as associative evidence

A
  • uniqueness
  • persistence
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

fingerprint uniqueness

A
  • fingerprints are unique to the individual
  • no two people have been observed to have the same fingerprint
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

do identical twins have the same finger print or forensic genotype?

A

forensic genotype

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

fingerprint persistence

A

fingerprints are persistent morphological features that do not significantly change through time

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

affect of age on friction ridges

A
  • surface ridges flatten making the appearance less sharp when recovered
  • numbers of wrinkles increases
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

exceptions to fingerprint persistence

A
  • considerable skin damage
  • genetic disorders resulting in printless fingerprints
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

how considerable skin damage can effect finger prints

A

new scars that are persistent can be used to identified suspects

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

three categories of finger prints

A
  • latent
  • patent
  • plastic
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

latent prints

A
  • invisible to the naked eye
  • requires a physical or chemical process to enhance or make prints visible
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

patent prints

A

visible prints created when residue, contaminating the finger, are transferred to a hard surface

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

plastic prints

A

visible, impressed prints that are made in a soft surface resulting in indentations

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

details of plastic prints

A
  • less common than patent & latent fingerprints
  • relatively easy to locate
  • negative prints
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

common surfaces for plastic fingerprints include

A
  • fresh paint
  • putty
  • wax
  • soap
  • grease/oil
  • dust
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

negative print

A

the resulting finger impression has the opposite features as the associated finger

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

positive print

A
  • the resulting finger impression has the same features as the associated finger
  • elevated residue represents an elevated ridge
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

broad level comparison (level 1)

A
  • class characteristics
  • fingerprint pattern type
24
Q

3 general fingerprint patterns

A
  • loops
  • whorls
  • arches
25
loops
- 65% - ridge flow enters & exits on the same side
26
whorls
- 30% - resembles a bullseye
27
arches
- 5% - ridge flow enters & exits on the same side with a wave/rise in the center
28
most common finger print type?
loops
29
least common finger print type?
arches
30
finger print core
the focus of the innermost recurving ridge in a finger print
31
finger print delta
a meeting point on 3 individual ridge flows
32
subdivisions of loops
- radial loop - ulnar loop
33
subdivisions of whorls
- plain whorl - central pocket loop whorl - double loop whorl - accidental whorl
34
how to determine whorl type
draw a line between 2 deltas, line cuts across through inner pattern
35
double loop whorl
2 loops combined into one fingerprint
36
accidental whorl
contains 2 or more patterns
37
subdivisions of arches
- plain arch - tented arch
38
individual finger print characteristics (minutiae) (level 2)
- the point where a friction ridge begins, terminates, or splits into 2 or more ridges - comparison involves type of feature & location of feature
39
level 3 fingerprint details
- edge features: shape & size - pores: shape, location, & numbers
40
analytical methods involved in the analysis of evidence
- ACE-V - analysis, comparison, evaluation, verification
41
ACE-V: analysis
examiner studies the print to assess quantity & quality of detailed present
42
ACE-V: comparison
side by side observation of friction ridge detail
43
ACE-V: evaluation
examiner assess correspondence/non-correspondence & forms a conclusion
44
ACE-V: verification
independent re-examination by a second examiner using the ACE process
45
suitability: quality of
- clarity of observed features - as quality increases, so does the discernibility & reliability of the ridge features
46
suitability: quantity
- amount of features/area - number of ridge endings, bifurcations, & dots in contiguous ridges, determined with out any reference to known impressions
47
sufficiency graph
- in the analysis phase - the assessment of the impression based on quality & quantity is positioned on the graph to determine its suitability for individualization
48
sufficiency graph: impressions falls below the solid curve
an individualization is not warranted
49
sufficiency graph: impressions fall above the solid curve
it may allow individualization
50
factors affecting the quality & quantity of fingerprint characteristics
- was the surface touched by friction ridges in a suitable manner? - was there a suitable amount of residue transferred to the surface? - was the surface suitable to maintain the reside transfer? - was the environment suitable to receive and maintain the residue?
51
AFIS - Automated Fingerprint Identification System
- examiner captures the latent print - latent print is trimmed & enhanced - examiner plots the minutiae
52
colors of AFIS
- the red circles indicate ridge endings - the yellow squares indicate bifurcations
53
how does the AFIS examiner determine the Y-axis?
- core location - direction of the print
54
fingerprint verification
- Quality Assurance protocol - blind verification
55
blind verification
the independent examination of one or more friction ridge impressions by another component

Forensic Biology (17 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions