Forelimb Lecture #3

Question 1

Criteria for muscles to be included as intrinsic shoulder muscles?

Answer 1

they cross the shoulder joint - scapula to humerus

Question 2

What is the action of the supraspinatus? Innervation?

Answer 2

extend and stabilize shoulder

suprascapular nerve

Question 3

What is the action of the infraspinatous? Innervation?

Answer 3

flex and stabilize the shoulder

suprascapular nerve

Question 4

What are bursa

Answer 4

Fluid filled sacs that reduces friction between moving parts

Question 5

What is the action of the deltoid? Innervation?

Answer 5

Flex, abduct and stabilize shoulder

axillary

Question 6

What is the action of the teres major? Innervation?

Answer 6

flex shoulder

axillary

Question 7

What is the action of the supscapularis? Innervation?

Answer 7

adduct and extend shoulder

subscapular

Question 8

What is the action of the coracobrachialis? Innervation?

Answer 8

flex shoulder

musculocutaneous

Question 9

What is the action of the teres minor?

Answer 9

stablizes and flexes shoulder

Question 10

what are elbow extensors innverated by and what muscles are included in this group

Answer 10

radial nerve

triceps brachii, tensor fascia antebrachii, anconeous

Question 11

What is the action of the triceps brachii? Innervation?

Answer 11

extend and stabilize the elbow

radial

Question 12

What head of the triceps can also act on the shoulder to flex it?

Answer 12

the long head

Question 13

What is the action of the tensor fascia antebrachii? Innervation?

Answer 13

extends and supports elbow

radial

Question 14

What is the action of the anconeus? Innervation?

Answer 14

extends and supports elbow (support is the more important function)

radial

Question 15

what is special about the anconeus in the horse

Answer 15

its fatigue resistant, and when its standing it keeps the elbow straight without using the triceps brachii

Question 16

what muscles are elbow flexors and what are they innervated by

Answer 16

biceps brachii, brachialis

musculocutaneous

Question 17

What is the action of the biceps brachii? Innervation?

Answer 17

flex elbow (main) and extend shoulder

musculocutaneous

Question 18

what is a special part associated with a horse bicep and why

Answer 18

intramuscular tendon that is an energy saving spring

Question 19

what is the lacertus fibrosus and what species is it in

Answer 19

it is a thick piece of fascia that is part of the stay apparatus. blends the distal biceps brachii to the carpal extensor tendon

horse

Question 20

What is the action of the brachialis? Innervation?

Answer 20

flex elbow

musculocutaneous

Question 21

what are the bursae called in horses

Answer 21

bicipital bursa = between the biceps brachii tendon and intermediate tubercle

olecranon bursa = between the triceps brachii tendon (subtendinous) or subcutis (subcutaneous) and olecranon

Question 22

when are the points that the blood supply in the forelimb changes

Answer 22

axillary then it becomes brachial, and then it becomes median just after the elbow