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Anatomy > Forearm > Flashcards

Forearm Flashcards

1
Q

How does supination and pronation occur?

A

The radius rotates around the ulnar

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2
Q

What holds the ulna and the radius together?

A

The interossous membrane

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3
Q

How can you tel the difference between the radius and the ulna?

A

The radius is bigger and longer

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4
Q

What are the bones of the carpals in order?

A 
Scaphoid
Lunate
Triquetrum
Pisiform
Trapezium
Trapezoid
Capitate
Hammer
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5
Q

What are the bones of the hand?

A

Carpals
Metacarpals
Phalanges (proximal, middle and distal)

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6
Q

How many layers are there in the flexor compartment of the forearm

A

3

4-1=3

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7
Q

How many layers are there in the extensor compartment of the forearm?

A

2

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8
Q

What is pronation?

A

Medial rotation

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9
Q

What are the muscles in the outer layer of the flexor compartment?

A 
PASS FAIL PASS FAIL
Pronator teres
Flexor carpi radialis
Palmaris longus
Flexor carpi ulnaris
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10
Q

What does the pronator teres do?

A

Connects the humerus and ulna to the radius

Pronates the arm

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11
Q

What does the flexor carpi radialis do?

A

Arises medially from the epicondyle and inserts onto the metacarpals
Flexes and abducts the hand

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12
Q

What does the pulmaris longus do?

A

Not present in everyone

Weak flexor of the wrist

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13
Q

What does the flexor carpi ulnaris do?

A

Arises from the medial epicondyle of the humerus and inserts onto the carpals
Flexes and adducts the wrist

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14
Q

Which muscle is in the middle layer of the flexor compartment?

A

Flexor digitorum superficialis

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15
Q

What does the flexor digitorum superficialis do?

A

Arises from the medial epicondle and inserts onto the proximal phalanges and also the wrist
Flexes middle phalanges at proximal interphalangeal joint

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16
Q

What are the muscles in the deep layer of the flexor compartment?

A

Flexor pollicis longus (thumb)
Flexor digitorum profundus
Pronator Quadratus

17
Q

What does the flexor pollicis longus do?

A

Arises from the radius and inserts on to the distal phalynx of the thumb
Lies laterally to the digitorum profundus
Flexes the thumb and is a weak flexor of the wrist

18
Q

What does the flexor digitorum profundus do?

A

Arise from the ulna and inserts on to the distal phalanges
Passes through a hole in the superficialis to attach the phalanges
Flexes the fingers and the wrist

19
Q

What is the pronator Quadratus?

A

Square shaped muscle that crosses the radius and the ulnar near the wrist underneath the tendons of the digitorum profundus and the pollicus longus
Pronates the arm

20
Q

What are the muscles in the outer extensor compartment?

A 
Extensor carpi ulnaris
Extensor digiti minimi
Extensor digitorum
Extensor carpi radiallis brevis
Extensor carpo radiallis longus
21
Q

What does the anconeus do?

A

Arises from the epicondyle and inserts on to the ulnar

Stabilises the elbow

22
Q

What does the extensor carpi ulnaris do?

A

Most lateral muscle
Connects the humerus to the hand
Extends and adducts the wrist

23
Q

What does the extensor digit minimi do?

A

Arises from the lateral epicondyle and inserts on to the proximal phalynx of the little finger
Extends the little finger

24
Q

What does the extensor digitorum do?

A

Arises from the lateral epicondyle and inserts on to the distal phalanges
Extends the fingers

25
Q

What does the extensor carpi radialis brevis do?

A

Extends and abducts the wrist

Shorter and thicker than the extensor carpi radialis longus

26
Q

What does the extensor carpi radialis longus do

A

Arises from the humerus and inserts on to the 2nd metacarpal bone
Extends the wrist and abducts the hand

27
Q

What are the muscles in the inner layer of the extensor compartment?

A 
Extensor Indices
Extensor Pollicis longus
Extensor Pollicis brevis
Abductor pollicus longus
Supinator
28
Q

What does the extensor indices do?

A

Extension of the index finger

29
Q

What does the extensor pollicis longus do?

A

Inserts on to the distal thumb
Extension of the thumb
Bigger and thicker than the brevis

30
Q

What does the extensor pollicis brevis do?

A

Arises from the radius on to the proximal thumb

More medial than the longus

31
Q

What does the abductor pollicis brevis do?

A

Arises from the radius and inserts on to the proximal thumb

Abducts the thumb

32
Q

What does the supinator do?

A

Arises from the lateral side and crosses at an angle

Supinates the arm

Anatomy (9 decks)

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