Forces of Attraction Flashcards
Describe Coulomb’s Law
- The charges in an atom or molecule attract if they are different. The higher the charges get, the greater the attraction.
- The charges push each other apart if they are different.
What are valence electrons?
Electrons on the outermost energy level of an atom. Only hydrogen and helium do not hold 8 valence electrons.
Describe inter and intermolecular forces.
A intermolecular force is acting between 2 or more molecules. A intramolecular force is a force of attraction within a atom, ion, or molecule.
What is Electronegativity?
The chemical property that describes how strongly the nucleus of an atom attracts electrons. Governs the type of bond it will be. Increases the further up and right you go. Fluorine is (technically) the most electronegative element.
What is Ionization energy?
The amount of energy needed to remove the outermost electrons of an atom. Increases from left to right and bottom to top. Helium has the highest ionization energy levels.
What is atomic radius?
A measure of atomic size. It is the distance from the Nucleus to the outer electron cloud on a singular atom. Generally measured in pico meters. Tends to increase from right to left and lower you go on the periodic table.
What is a chemical bond?
A intramolecular force of attraction that holds atoms together in a molecule or compound.
What is an Ionic bond?
A bond that occurs when 1 atom gives electrons and another takes electrons. This forms a anion and a cation. Often occurs between elements on the opposite side of the periodic table.
Describe a Covalent Bond.
This bond occurs when atoms share electrons. A single covalent bond has 2 electrons. There are single, double, and triple covalent bonds l.
What is metallic bonding?
This occurs when metals contribute to their collective sea of electrons. This bond leads to luster, electric and thermal conductivity, malleability, and ductility.
Gravity is…..
The attraction between all objects in the universe. Is governed by Newtons Gravitational constant.
What is a magnet?
A object that produces a strong magnetic field. They have poles due to structure.
Magnetism is?
The force of attraction between magnetic materials. The are of magnetic force around a magnet is called the magnetic field.
