Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

You Be The Chemist > Classification Of Matter > Flashcards

Classification Of Matter Flashcards

0
Q

What is a Mixture?

A

A mixture is two or more substances that are combined physically.
It is either Homogeneous or Heterogeneous.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
1
Q

What is a Pure Substance?

A

A substance with a specific composition that doesn’t change.

Pure substances are either elements or compounds.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Define Elements

A

An element is a pure substance that cannot be broken down by regular chemical & physical means. Elements are the simplest substances. They are identified by atomic #. All matter is made by elements and combinations of them.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

An allotrope is……

A

A pure element in a different form.

EX- Diamonds and Carbon.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

List Oxygen Facts

A
  • Discovered by Karl Scheele & Joseph Priestly.
  • Most common element in the Earth’s crust.
  • Has two allotropes, diatomic oxygen & ozone.
  • Oxygen is very reactive
  • Oxygen is necessary for combustion
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

List Tin Facts

A
  • is silvery white and crystalline
  • is very malleable & ductile
  • has two solid allotropes: white (crystalline and gray (brittle powder) tin
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

A compound is…..

A

A pure substance made up of 2 or more elements in a defined ratio.
Binary & ternary compounds are based on different elements, not atoms.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Know John Dalton’s accomplishments

A

Daltons Theory of matter- matter is made of indivisible particles called atoms:atoms of element are identical:chemical reactions are the bonding of atoms rather than the destruction of them:when elements form compounds, they react in defined, while #ratios

Daltons theory of pressure- the sum total pressure of different gases is equal to the individual pressures added together.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Describe a solution……..

A

Solution- A homogenous mixture when a substance is dissolved in another substance.

Solvent- The substance that dissolves

Solute The dissolved substance

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is a Colloid?

A

A mixture in which very small particles are dissolved throughout another substance

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is a sol?

A

A colloid of fine solid particles in another solid or liquid.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

A gel?

A

A liquid spread throughout a solid.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is a foam?

A

A gas spread evenly throughout a liquid or solid.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is an Aerosol?

A

A liquid or solid spread throughout a gas.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

A emulsion is………

A

A liquid spread throughout another liquid.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Explain the Tyndall Effect.

A

The Tyndall effect is the scattering of light by particles in a colloid: large enough to scatter light but small enough to not settle.

16
Q

What is STP?

A

Standard temperature and pressure in which experiments are done. It is 0 Celsius and 1 atm.

17
Q

Solids have?

A

A definite size and shape.

18
Q

What is a crystalline solid?

A

Atoms or molecules arranged in regular, repeating patterns that form crystals.

19
Q

What is an amorphous solid?

A

A molecule or atom locked in place without a specific form or repeating structure.

20
Q

What is Viscosity?

A

The thickness of a liquid. It is its resistance to flowing.

21
Q

What is surface tension?

A

The property of liquids that describes the attraction of molecules to the top of the liquid.

22
Q

What is effusion?

A

The process when gaseous particles move through holes in a container.

23
Q

What is Graham’s law?

A

The lower the molecular mass of a gas, the faster it effuses.

24
Q

Describe Diffusion.

A

The movement of particles from high concentration to low concentration.

25
Q

Melting is…….

A

Changing from solid to liquid.

26
Q

Freezing is……

A

Changing from liquid to solid.

27
Q

Vaporization is…….

A

Change from a liquid to a gas.

Boiling- Vaporization at all levels of a liquid.

Evaporation- Vaporization at the surface of a liquid.

28
Q

Condensation is……..

A

Changing from a gas to a liquid.

Is governed by Dew point.

29
Q

Sublimation?

A

Changing directly from solid to a gas.

30
Q

Deposition?

A

Changing directly from gas to solid.

31
Q

What is the first law of thermodynamics?

A

Energy can change from different forms, but can never be destroyed.

32
Q

Kinetic energy?

A

The energy of motion.

KE= mass x velocity squared x 1/2

33
Q

Potential energy is?

A

Stored energy derived from position or shape.

PE= mass x gravity x height.

34
Q

Separation process is?

A

A process dividing a mixture into multiple parts.

35
Q

Filtration is?

A

Separating a mixture based on sizes of the parts of the mixture.

36
Q

Reverse Osmosis is?

A

When a solvent moves across a semi-permeable membrane from an area of high concentration to low concentration. This is due to pressure.

37
Q

Explain Precipitation.

A

Separating a compound by reacting it to form a solid .

You Be The Chemist (13 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions