Forces And Motion Flashcards
Velocity
An objects speed and direction. Average velocity is calculated from displacement/time while instantaneous velocity had to be measured at a specific moment in time.
Tension Forces
Two or more forces that pull in opostite directions on an object, as if they were pulling the object apart.
Mass
The anount of matter in an object, measured in kg in the SI system of units.
Displacement
The difference between the starting and ending point of an object
Simple machine
A device that makes work easier by reducing the force (but increasing the application distance) or reducing the distance (but increasing the force).
Average Speed
A measure of how fast an objects postion changes, calculated from distance/time
Gravitational Force
The force of attration of all masses toward each other due to gravitational pull
Strong nuclear force
A force that holds protons and neutrons together in the nucleus
Direction
The orientation of the movement of an object, often in a compass direction
Net force
The vector sum of all forced acting on an object.
Free Body Diagram
A diagram showing all of the forces acting on an object.
Pulley
A simple machine that can change the direction and size of a force
Meters (m)
The unit for distance in the metric system
Position
An objects location at a given moment in time
Speed vs. Time Graph
A graph with speed on the y-axis and time on the x-axis, the slope of the line equals acceleration
Weak Nuclear Force
A force that resists particle decay in the nucleus
Work
The process by which energy is changed in a system. Calculated from the product of force and distance. Object must move in order for work to have been done.
Newton’s Third Law
The law that for every action there is an equal and opposite reaction.
Contraction Forces
Two or more forces that pull inward on an object, as if they were trying to compress the object into a smaller space.
Center of Mass
The point at whuch an object will balance.
Vector
A quantity with both magnitude (size) and direction.
Newton’s Second Law
The law that greater masses require a greater force to achieve the same acceleration, F=ma
Mechanical Advantage
The amplification of a force by increasing the input distance in a simple machine. The output force divided by the input force equals the input distance divded by the output distance.
Acceleration vs. Time Graph
A graph with accleration on the y-axis and time on the x-axis
Electromagnetic Force
Interactions (pushed and pulls) of electricity charged particles with other charged particles and magnetic poles
Force
An interation (push or pull) of one object with another that resists other forces or causes acceleration
Lever
A simple machine with a fulcrum, an output force or weight, and an applied force
Acceleration
A measure of how quickly something changes its speed or direction, calculated from change in velocity/time
Position vs. Time Graph
A graph with position on the y-axis and time on the x-axis, the slope of the line equals speed.
Newtons’s First Law / The Law of Inertia
The law that objects resist changes in their state of motion
Gravity
The force of attraction of all masses toward each other due to gravitational pull
Inertia
The tendency to resist changes in state of motion
Distance
The length of the path traveled by an object
