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Ortho > For final > Flashcards

For final Flashcards

1
Q

SAID principle?

A

Specific Adaption To Imposed Demands

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2
Q

Therapeutic exercise

A

A systematic, planned performance of bodily movements, postures, or physical activities intended to provide a patient/client with the means to:

  1. Remediate or prevent impairments
  2. Improve, restore, or enhance physical function
  3. Prevent or reduce health-related risk factors
  4. Optimize overall health status, fitness, or sense of well-being
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3
Q

Types of contractures?

A

Myostatic
Pseudomyostatic
Arthrogenic
Fibrotic

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4
Q

Myostatic contractrure?

Can it be resolved?

A

No mm patho, musculotendonous unit has shortened adaptively. (resolvable in shortterm

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5
Q

Pseudomyogenic contracture?

Can it be resolved?

A

Hypertonicity associated with CNS lesion
Can be caused by mm guarding or pain

Can be resolved with PNF stretch

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6
Q

Arthrogenic contracture?

Can it be resolved?

A

The result of intra-articular pathology Adhesions, effusion, >synovial fluid, etc.

A periarticular contracture develops if mm crosses the joint lose mobility.

no

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7
Q

Fibrotic contracture?

Can it be resolved?

A

Fibrous tissues in muscle overdevelop can be fatty,scar, or bone. D/t immobility.

Can be stretched but not to original length

No resolution c/o surgery

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8
Q

Match the terms with their definitions

MRE

Overtraining

Overwork

GTO

Ballistic stretching

A

Match the terms with their definitions
MRE

Overtraining

Overwork

GTO

Ballistic stretching

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9
Q

MRE

A

Manual resisted exercise

Externally applied either static or dynalmic

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10
Q

Overtraining

A

A decline in performance of healthy individiuals in intense exercise routines

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11
Q

Overwork

A

A progressive decline in already weak persons or persons with neuromuscular conditions

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12
Q

GTO

A

Golgi tendon organ (near the MMtendonous junctions of extrafusal muscle fibers.

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13
Q

Ballistic stretching

A

Rapid, forceful, high speed, bouncing stretch

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14
Q

Describe the PNF stretch technique contract-relax. Be thorough!

A

Step 1. Stretch the muscle in question, hold for 30 sec

step 2. Prompt the patient to push against you as you resist the muscles action, hold for 10 sec.

Step 3. Stretch the muscle again, hold for 30 sec.

This technique affects the golgi tendon organ of the muscle and causes it to relax. The result is that the muscle will stretch further than it would with a normal passive stretch.

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15
Q

Load that exceeds the metabolic capacity of the muscle must be applied for the mm to improve performance is the definition of ____________________.

A

Overload principal

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16
Q

________________ techniques are manipulative procedures that have evolved out of osteopathic medicine and are designed to lengthen muscle and fascia and to mobilize joints.

A

MET

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17
Q

The Specific Adaptation to Imposed Demands (SAID) principle relates to?

A

Specificity of Training

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18
Q

Your patient, Nicegan, has signs of erythema, edema, heat, and pain with palpation. Which phase of injury does she display?

A

Acute

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19
Q

Another patient, Paul, who happens to enjoy hunting cougars in his spare time, requires stretching to reach functional ROM, strengthening exercises, and the PT is performing joint mobilization. Which phase of injury does this represent?

A

Chronic

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20
Q

And yet another patient, Shelcy, has much less edema but still has pain at the end of available ROM, heat and mild erythema at the involved joint. The M.D. wants you to be very aggressive with treatment but you’re concerned. You’re concerned because you believe that he is in which phase of injury

A

Subacute

(not sure) Because she still has some pain and edema but the pain is only at the end of available ROM.

21
Q

The main focus of the rehab of somebody in the acute stage should be?
The integrity of the surrounding periosteum

The quality of the involved extremity’s joint movement

Controlled Motion

Protect the site/injury from further damage

A

The integrity of the surrounding periosteum

The quality of the involved extremity’s joint movement

Controlled Motion

Protect the site/injury from further damage—-correct

22
Q

In which of the following stages of motor learning does augmented feedback have the most positive impact on acquisition of a motor skill?

Associative

Cognitive

External feedback has equal impact in all stages

Autonomous

A

Associative —–Correct

Cognitive

External feedback has equal impact in all stages

Autonomous

23
Q

What is the best method for determining the progression of exercise during the subacute stage of healing?
Increase endurance exercises by 3 repetitions each treatment session

Let patient response guide the progression of exercise
Increase strength training by 1 lb each treatment session

Increase range of motion 10 degrees each treatment session

A

Increase endurance exercises by 3 repetitions each treatment session

Let patient response guide the progression of exercise
Correct

Increase strength training by 1 lb each treatment session

Increase range of motion 10 degrees each treatment session

24
Q

Which of the following types of active exercises is the most appropriate to use first during the acute phase of healing after a muscle injury?

Submaximal isokinetic concentric exercise at slow velocities

Multiple angle isometrics against manual resistance

Low intensity muscle setting

Active ROM exercises

A

Submaximal isokinetic concentric exercise at slow velocities

Multiple angle isometrics against manual resistance

Low intensity muscle setting—-correct

Active ROM exercises

25
Q

Which of the following stages of soft tissue healing is characterized by remodeling and maturation of collagen in the scar?

Late subacute stage

Acute stage

Chronic stage

Early subacute stage

A

Late subacute stage

Acute stage

Chronic stage—–correct

Early subacute stage

26
Q

Physical agents may be used in any of the phases of injury – as treatment, or as adjunct to treatment
True
False

A

True

27
Q

Which of the following is the main goal for a patient in the chronic phase of injury

Reduce the edema, heat, and pain of the involved area

Keep the injury from developing immature collagen

Do not re-injure the involved area

Increase function, strength, and ROM of the involved extremity

A

Reduce the edema, heat, and pain of the involved area

Keep the injury from developing immature collagen

Do not re-injure the involved area

Increase function, strength, and ROM of the involved extremity—–Correct

28
Q

According to the definition of therapeutic exercise and the impact of exercise on the disablement process, which of the following is a correct statement about therapeutic exercise? It can be used to:

A

Remediate, decrease, or prevent physical impairments and functional limitations

29
Q

Secondary trauma to the surrounding tissue occurs with which of the following?
Correct!
Subluxation of a joint.

Any subacute phase treatment

Immature formation of collagen fibers

Bursitis and/or tendinitis

A

Subluxation of a joint. —-Correct

Any subacute phase treatment

Immature formation of collagen fibers

Bursitis and/or tendinitis

30
Q

Another patient, Kara, who did not volunteer to be in this exam because she doesn’t volunteer anymore, requires stretching to reach functional ROM, is performing strengthening exercises, and the PT is performing joint mobilization. Which phase of injury does this represent and why?

Your Answer:
late subacute/controlled motion

A

Your Answer:
chronic

Because you only stretch in the chronic/late subacue phases.

31
Q

Another term for the PNF technique agonist contraction is__________.

A

Active Stretch

32
Q

The optimum time frame for holding a stretch is______________.

A

30 secs

33
Q

In which of the following stages of motor learning does augmented feedback have the most positive impact on acquisition of a motor skill?

A

Cognitive

34
Q

What is the best method for determining the progression of exercise during the subacute stage of healing? Be thorough! What do you use to guide the progression of exercise by your patient?

A

The best guide is the patient’s feedback. As the patient’s pain and inflammation decrease, the amount of resistance, number of reps, length of stretches, and extent of ROM should increase
; all should progress incrementally and should be backed off if the patient’s pain or inflammation increase.

35
Q

Which of the following stages of soft tissue healing is characterized by remodeling and maturation of collagen in the scar?

A

Chronic stage

36
Q

Your patient develops a contracture as the result of hypertonicity after a traumatic brain injury (TBI). This type of contracture is called a(n)?

A

Pseudomyostatic

37
Q

Your patient has significant limitation in right shoulder external rotation. As you perform stretch interventions to improve ROM, you also need to develop strength in which of the following agonists

Subscapularis

Anterior Deltoid

Infraspinatus

Pectoralis Minor

A

Subscapularis

Anterior Deltoid

Correct!
Infraspinatus

Pectoralis

38
Q

Safe and effective stretching to increase ROM requires all of the following except:

Proper alignment and patient positioning

Stabilization of the proximal attachment of the mm

Use of gained ROM in active function

Strengthening of the agonist

A

Proper alignment and patient positioning

Correct Answer
Stabilization of the proximal attachment of the mm

Use of gained ROM in active function
You Answered

Strengthening of the agonist

39
Q

According to the authors of your text, the suggested number of repetitions for AROM to any given joint is:

A

5-10

40
Q

The common substitution pattern for a supine patient performing shoulder internal/external rotation is? Mark all that apply.

Elbow flexion/extension

Scapular elevation

Trunk rotation

Trunk lateral bend

A

Correct Answer
Elbow flexion/extension

Scapular elevation

Correct Answer
Trunk rotation

Trunk lateral bend

41
Q

Self feeding requires functional ROM of any of the following motions except:

Shoulder Flexion

Shoulder Abduction

Elbow Flexion

Forearm Pronation

A

Shoulder Flexion

Correct Answer
Shoulder Abduction

Elbow Flexion
\
You Answered
Forearm Pronation

42
Q

A patient performing hip abduction exercises with a cuff weight in the supine position is primarily applying resistance force to which of the following muscle groups?
Hip Adductors

Hip Abductors

Hip Flexors

Hip Extensors

A

Hip Adductors

You Answered
Hip Abductors

Correct Answer
Hip Flexors

Hip Extensors

43
Q

Laminar flow

A

Correct Answer Movement where all molecules move parallel to each other. Typically slow movement

44
Q

Which of the following is the clinical condition characterized by adaptive shortening of skin, fascia, muscle, or joint capsule.

Adhesion

Reflex Muscle Guarding

Sprain

Contracture

A

Adhesion

Reflex Muscle Guarding

Sprain

Correct!
Contracture

45
Q

Turbulent Flow

A

Molecules do not move parallet, faster

46
Q

Surface tension

A

membrane, force per length, underwater is faser

47
Q

Viscosity

A

Friction btwen molecules slows with resistance

48
Q

Hydrostatic Pressure

A

exerted on submessedobjects, equal from all directions

49
Q

Drag

A

Combined resistance of turbulance and viscosity

Ortho (23 decks)

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