Estim for quiz Flashcards
What can AC be used for?(3)
MM strengthening (contraction)
Pain control
Tissue healing
(most often used for Estim)
Intefferential current uses how many electrodes?
4 electrodes
IF premod uses how many electrodes?
2 electrodes
DC is?
A continuous electrical flow of charged particles.
Most commonly used in ionophoresis to stimulate contractions in mm)
AC is?
Continuous bidirectional flow of charged particles.
EMS?
Electrical muscle stimulation.
FES?
Functional electrical stimulation
Electrical currents used to facilitate contractions for functional activities.
TENS. Which nerve fibers are effected, what theory is it based on?
Transcutaneous electrical nerve srimulation
conducted through the skin to eleviate pain.
Uses the gate theory.
A-delta (small myelinated) nerve fibers and C fibers (small unmyelinated), activating A-beta nerves o block pain transmition.
Tens uses ____ duration, ____ freq. pulses?
Sort, high
Russian protocol?
Med FQ, AC 10/10 50 bursts/second. For mm contraction.
Phase duration?
Duration of one phase of a pulse. Expressed in microseconds.
Pulse duration?
Time from the beginning of the 1sr phase of a pulse to the end of the last.
Impedance?
Total FQ dependent opposition to current flow. Measured in ohms.
Biologically: Ratio of voltage to current.
AC can be used for?(3)
MM strengthening (contraction)
Pain control
Tissue healing
(most often used for Estim)
Side effects of Estim?
Burns,skin irritation/inflammation.
Precautions for Estim?(4)
Cardiac disease
Impaired mentation/sensation
Malignant tumors
Skin irritation/open wounds
Contraindications for Estim?(6)
Demand pacemaker Unstable eurythmia Electrodes Placement over the carotid sinus Areas of thrombosis or thrombophelbitis Pregnancy (over or around abdomen
Electrode placement?
Smoothly against skin 0 wrinkles/gaps
o directly over bony prominences
0 over highly contoured surface
Which parameters can be adjusted?(5)
Pulse/phase duration Amplitude On/Off time Ramp Pulse type
What do you document about Estim?(6)
- Area
- Position
- Parameters
- Placement
- Duration
- Response
Placing electrodes further apart has what effect?
The current goes deeper
When does depolarization of a cell membrane occur?
+30mV (millivolts)
Can a cell’s action potential be activated after depolarization?
No, it will be in the absolute refractory period; unless a greater than usual stimulus is present (relative refractory period.
HVPC (high voltage pulsed current) is used for?
Wound healing
What is the voltage parameter for HVPC?
60-90
HVPC parameters? (5) Pulse dur FQ on:off Amp Time
- Pulse dur=40-100 US (usually preset)
- Fq=60-125pps
- on:off= Continuous
- Amp=enough for comfortable sensation 0 motor response
- Time=45-60 mins 5 days/week
What can cause impedance in Estim?(2)
- Hair
2. Dry skin
In wound healing the negative electrode should be used for ________ or ________ wounds and the positive for wounds without ________, and without ____________ in the _________ stage.
Inflamed, infected
without inflammation, proliferative
What current is used for wound healing?
High-volt pulsed current HVPC 60-90V
How long is Estim applied for wound healing? For how many days/week?
45-60 mins, 5 days
What current is used for edema d/t inflammation?
negative polarity HVPC, negative electrode over the area, positive an adjacent area
Edema d/t lack of mm contraction?
Russian/biphasic, on mm near veins draining the area
What current is used for iontophoresis?
low-amp DC
