Foot & Ankle

Question 1

Talocrural Joint 4 movements

Answer 1

Flextion- Plantar flextion
Extension- Dorsiflextion
Inversion- Supination and Adduction
Eversion- Pronation and Abduction

Question 2

Three Talar Tilts

Answer 2

1. Anterior Talofibular Ligament
2. Calcaneofibular Ligament
3. Deltoid Ligament

Question 3

Three Talar tilts

Anterior Talofibular Ligament

Answer 3

Lateral collateral Ligament
Ankle movements-Inversion and planter flexion
Around Sinus Tarsi

Positive - Pain
- Excessive ROM

Question 4

Three Talar Tilt

Calcaneofibular Ligament

Answer 4

Lateral collateral Ligaments
Area - Calcareous to fibula

Foot neutral and inversion of ankle

Positive- Pain
- excessive ROM if ligament is ruptured
(*only when ant Talofibular lig already ruptured)

Question 5

Three Talar Tilt

Deltoid Ligament

Answer 5

Medial Malleous

MOI- Inversion (microtearing lig)

All fibre- Neutral with eversion
Ant fibre- Plantar flexion with eversion
Post fibre - dorsiflexion with eversion

Question 6

Anterior drawer Test

Answer 6

Anterior Talofibular Ligament

Action- Distract the ankle (Pull)
- Anteriorly (Up Superiorly)

Positive - Pain / excessive ROM

Question 7

Wedge Test

Answer 7

Integrity of the inferior Tibiofibular joint

1. Push sole of foot (neutral) toward infe tibfib joint
   (forcing them apart- stress on ant inf tubfib joint)
2. Tap

Negative- pain

Question 8

Thompson Test

Answer 8

Achilles Tendon Rupture

Px - Prone
Th- Squeeze calf mm

Positive- absent of planterflextion

Question 9

Homan’s sign (S/S)

Answer 9

Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT)

S/S
1.Pain deep in Calf or popliteal fossa
2.Pain after period of immobilization
3.Constant aching, worsen with activity (walking &climbing stairs)
4.Px can walk certain distance then pain in calf
(rest-pain gone, activity going- pain back)

1. Prone, Knee 90 degree
2. Dorsiflex the ankle (foot)
3. Extend the knee slowerly
4. Squeeze the calf after extension of knee

Positive - excruciating pain

Th-

Question 10

Squeeze Test

Answer 10

Morton’s neuroma (Tumour) b/w 2nd and 3rd metatarsal heads)

Positive- sharp Pain b/w 3rd and 4th (2nd/3rd) metatarsal

Question 11

Neurological Testing for Ankle

Answer 11

Deep Tendon Reflex (S1)

Achilles Tendon (10 times)

Proprioception

Question 12

MM test for Ankle

Planter Flexors

Answer 12

Gastroc (knee extended)

Soleus (knee flexed)

Both tipping toes (standing)

Question 13

Mm test for Everters

Answer 13

Peroneus Longus / Brevis

Eversion & plantarflextion

Question 14

MM test for Inverters

Answer 14

Tib An - dorsiflextion & inversion

Tip Post - Planter flexion & invrsion

Extensor Digitorum Long/Brevis
Extensor Hallucius long / brevity
Flexor Didtorum Long/ Bre
Flexor hallucis Long/Bre