foot and hand conditions

Question 1

dupuytren’s contracture

Answer 1

nodular hypertrohpy of palmar fascia
common in ring and little fingers
causes- familial (viking gene)
risk factors
phenytoin treatment

Question 2

functional problems of dupuytren

Answer 2

loss of finger extension

PCPJ contracture

Question 3

treatment

Answer 3

partial fascietomy
dermofascietomy
arthrodesis
amputation
percutaneous needle fasciotomy
collagenase

Question 4

garrod’s pads

Answer 4

acquired- repetitive trauma

associated with other conditions

Question 5

ganglia

Answer 5

myxoid degeneration from joint synovia

-firm non tender, changes in size, normally not fixed to underlying tissues

Question 6

ganglion

Answer 6

mucin-filled cyst
attached to synovial cavity
no synovial lining
most common on dorsum

Question 7

stenosing tenosynovitis (trigger finger)

Answer 7

asssociated with carpal tunnel

De Quervain’s tenosynovitis

Question 8

De Quervain’s syndrome

Answer 8

increased in post partum

several weeks pain localised to radial side of wrist

Question 9

Finkelstein’s test

Answer 9

test used to diagnose de Quervain’s tenosynovitis in people who have wrist pain. Classical descriptions of the Finkelstein’s test are when the examiner grasps the thumb and ulnar deviates the hand sharply.

Question 10

carpal tunnel syndrome

Answer 10

numbness
tingling pain
night pain
clumsiness
PRAGMATIC

Question 11

anatomical snuffbox

Answer 11

space bordered by
abductor pollicis longus
and extensor pollicis brevis longus anteriorly
extersor pollicis longus posteriorly

Question 12

scaphoid fracture

Answer 12

most cmmon fractured bone in carpus

most;y at waist of scaphoid

Question 13

Osteoarthritis of base of thumb

Answer 13

trapezietomy treatment

gold standard

Question 14

ulnar collateral ligament injury of thumb MCPJ

Answer 14

gamekeepers thumb

skiers thumb

Question 15

bennett’s fracture

Answer 15

intraarticular fracture at base of 1st metacarpal

displacement due to proximal pull from abductor pollicis longus

Question 16

high ulnar nerve lesion

Answer 16

claw hand

Question 17

ulnar nerve palsy

Answer 17

nerve supplies medial two lumbricals- flex MCPJ

palsy leads to hyperextension of two ulnar fingers

Question 18

level of ulnar lesion

Answer 18

wrist-
severe clawing, dorsoulnar sensation spared
elbow
dorsoulnar sensation spared
clawing moderate

Question 19

ulnar nerve paradox

Answer 19

one would normally expect a more proximal injury to cause greater deformity

Question 20

osteoarthritis

Answer 20

distal interphalangeal joints

carpal metacarpal joints

Question 21

x ray changes of osteoarthritis

Answer 21

narrowing joint space
subchondral sclerosis
subchondral cyst
osteophyteme formation

Question 22

hallux valgus

Answer 22

painful bunions
metatarsalgia
over riding toes
primary deformity in metatarsal

Question 23

hallux rigidus

Answer 23

callosity formation
metatarsalgia
callosity formation

Question 24

high arches- pes cavus

Answer 24

metatarsalgia
clawed toes
familial bilateral
associated with neurological disorders

Question 25

diabetic foot

Answer 25

peripheral vascular disease neuropathy osteoporosis infection

Question 26

neuropathic arthritis

Answer 26

charcot's disease

Question 27

calcaneal fracture

Answer 27

fall from height | associated with hip pelvic and spinal injuries

Question 28

lisfranc joint

Answer 28

tarso-metatarsal joint

Question 29

common site for fracture in the foot

Answer 29

5th metatarsal

Question 30

hand conditions

Answer 30

``` Dupuytren’s Contracture Garrods pads Ganglion formation Trigger Finger Carpal Tunnel Syndrome Scaphoid Fracture MCL injury of thumb Bennet’s fracture Fight Bites Boxer’s fracture Ulnar nerve palsy Osteoarthritis ```

Question 31

foot and ankle conditions

Answer 31

``` Hallux valgus Hallux rigidus Metatarsalgia High Arch / Flat feet Claw toes / Hammer toes Diabetic Foot Calcaneal fracture Lisfranc fracture Base of 5th MT # ```