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population geog > food security and fertility > Flashcards

food security and fertility Flashcards

1
Q

what is food security?

A

when people have enough affordable and nutritious food to eat that ensures a healthy lifestyles

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2
Q

why is there a diminished capacity to create more farmland?

A

any exploitable land is being used for development

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3
Q

what is a double burden?

A

whereby HICs and LICs are both facing malnutrition

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4
Q

who identified the double burden?

A

WHO

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5
Q

how are both LIC and HICs malnourished>

A

LIC - too little food with too little nutrients

HIC - too much food with the wrong nutritious value

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6
Q

what is depth of food deficit?

A

a measurement of the difference between average food consumption and average food requirements

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7
Q

how is fertility rates linked to food security?

A

if children die due to malnutrition then it can cause families to have more children to ensure that some of them live

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8
Q

what is the replacement level of fertility?

A

the total fertility rate in which a population replaces itself form one generation to the next excluding migration

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9
Q

what is the average fertility rate in most countries>

A

2.1

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10
Q

what is sub saharan africas fertility rate?

A

5.4

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11
Q

what is SSA fertility rate expected to be in 2050?

A

3.2

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12
Q

what is SSA expected value a reflection of?

A

urbanisation, mortality rates and increases in income

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13
Q

what percentage of SSA population is undernourished?

A

27%

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14
Q

what percent of the worlds hungriest people live in SSA?

A

44%

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15
Q

what are the advantages of SSA reaching 2.1?

A
  • redice food demand
  • economical benefits, fewer children to car for
  • reducing carbon emissions
  • advance gender equality
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16
Q

who could SSA achieve 2.1?

A

increase education opportunities
increase access to sex clinics
family planning education
reduction in infant and child mortality

17
Q

who controls the set policies and funding for schemes that control fertility rate?
therefore who’s responsibility is it?

A

national governments

18
Q

who can civil society organisations help with lowering fertility rate?

A

raising awareness , generating resources

19
Q

what is an example of a country that lowered there fertility rate?

A

vietnam

20
Q

what did vietnam reduce their fertility rates by?

A

7.4 to 2

21
Q

how long did it take vietnam to reduce the rate?

A

30 years

22
Q

what did vietnam do in order to reduce rate?

A

put in place government penalties for those with a larger family

23
Q

what are the different ways in which food security can be increased?

A

increasing food production
increasing food access
reducing waste

24
Q

how can food production be increased?

A
  • agricultural expansion
  • intensive farming
  • changing the types of food (ones with less land)
  • technology
25
Q

what are the ways in which you can increase food access?

A
  • trade
  • improvong market access
  • aid
26
Q

what are the ways in which you can reduce waste/

A
  • reduce crop loss
  • distirbution
  • consumption
27
Q

what is the Eat.Think.Save?

A

a campaign to stop food waste

includes recipes that include leftovers

28
Q

what does a food bank do?

A

reduces waste, some supermarkets give to them such as the CoOp

29
Q

what ar the kinds of technology that increase food security?

A

GM farming - disease resistant, higher nutrients
hydroponics
aeroponics
both reduce the need for soil

30
Q

what is the problem with hydro/aeroponics?

A

very expensive

31
Q

what is the problem with changing the types of food?

A

to increase FS meat would have to be stopped but due to countries being more developed they are in high demand
Wagyu

32
Q

what is wrong with aid in increasing security?

A

it is not a long term solution it is given in times of crisis

33
Q

how can trade be good and bad for FS?

A

it can help to transport food to different areas
however it has to be a low prices and some undeveloped countries wh don’t have a big position in the trade world may not be able to afford it

34
Q

which solution may not be sustainable to the environment and why?

A

intesnive farming due to the use of artificial chemical which can cause long terms problems on the environment

35
Q

what is an example of genetically modified vegetation?

A

golden rice

has a source of vitamin A in from beta carotene improves nutrients given

36
Q

who does the sustaibnable developmental goals link?

A

the UN proposed to zero hunger (goal 2)

through increased investment in rural infrastructure and agricultural research especially in less developed regions

population geog (23 decks)

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