farming Flashcards
why can farms be considered as open systems?
as they receive inputs, process and outputs
what types of inputs do farms have?
cultural - local diet
economical - machinery
physical - temperature etc
the farmer - age, knowledge
what are the three types of farming?
arabel
mixed
pastoral (animals)
who can arable and pastoral farming be further clarified?
into the following subdivisions: subsistence commercial genetically modified extensive intensive organic
what are commercial farms?
majority of product is sold for profit, income generated can provide for workers as well as be invested back into the farm
usually family run backed by TNC
what are subsistence farms?
majority of produce is consumed by landowner or workers
personal use
some produce may be sold and invested back
where can you find majority of subsistence farms?
low income countries
what are intensive farms?
relatively small in scale
capital - lots of money invested in soils, machinery etc
labour - lots of workers to produce more
what are extensive farms?
farming is carried out on a large scale over a large space
labour is low, rely on size of land
what are genetically modified farms?
use biotechnology to produce more crops
also use GM animals to produce the best
what is the most common measurement for productivity?
total factor productivity
what is TFP?
ratio of inputs to outputs
how does TFP improve with crops?
higher yielding, disease resistant
more efficient cultivation
who does TFP improve with animal?
breading animals for favourable characteristics
using better animal care
main differences between outputs in labour and capital intensive farms?
I - high output per hectare
low output per worker
C - high output per hectare
high output per worker
