food production Flashcards
arable farming
cultivate crops and are not involved with livestock
pastoral farming
keep livestock such as dairy cattle, beef cattle, sheep and pigs
mixed farming
involves cultivating crops and keeping livestock together on a farm
subsistence farming
most basic form of agriculture, in which produce is consumed entirely or mainly by the family who work the land or tend the livestock
commercial farming
to sell everything that the farm produces
the aim is to maximise yields in order to achive the highest profits possible
extensive farming
low inputs of capital and labour compared with large amount of land used. low yield.
intensive farming
high inputs of capital and labour compared with small amount of land used. high yield.
horticulture
growing flowers/shrubs/trees
market garden
growing fruit and vegetables commercially on a small scale
organic farming
does not use manufactured chemicals, so production is without the use of chemical fertilisers, pestacides, intesticides and herbacides
-animal and green manures are used along with mineral fertilisers
inputs:
factors that go into a farm
processes
activities that take place on a farm to convert inputs to outputs
ouputs:
the products made on the farm
physical causes of lack of food
drought
floods
pests and disease
climate
overpopulation
economic causes of lack of food
low capital investment
poor distribution or transport difficulties
